The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLV
TORTS

Chapter 772
CIVIL REMEDIES FOR CRIMINAL PRACTICES

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F.S. 772.102

772.102 Definitions.—As used in this chapter, the term:

(1) “Criminal activity” means to commit, to attempt to commit, to conspire to commit, or to solicit, coerce, or intimidate another person to commit:

(a) Any crime that is chargeable by indictment or information under the following provisions:

1. Section 210.18, relating to evasion of payment of cigarette taxes.

2. Section 414.39, relating to public assistance fraud.

3. Section 440.105 or s. 440.106, relating to workers’ compensation.

4. Part IV of chapter 501, relating to telemarketing.

5. Chapter 517, relating to securities transactions.

6. Section 550.235 or s. 550.3551, relating to dogracing and horseracing.

7. Chapter 550, relating to jai alai frontons.

8. Chapter 552, relating to the manufacture, distribution, and use of explosives.

9. Chapter 562, relating to beverage law enforcement.

10. Section 624.401, relating to transacting insurance without a certificate of authority, s. 624.437(4)(c)1., relating to operating an unauthorized multiple-employer welfare arrangement, or s. 626.902(1)(b), relating to representing or aiding an unauthorized insurer.

11. Chapter 687, relating to interest and usurious practices.

12. Section 721.08, s. 721.09, or s. 721.13, relating to real estate timeshare plans.

13. Chapter 782, relating to homicide.

14. Chapter 784, relating to assault and battery.

15. Chapter 787, relating to kidnapping or human trafficking.

16. Chapter 790, relating to weapons and firearms.

17. Former s. 796.03, s. 796.04, s. 796.05, or s. 796.07, relating to prostitution.

18. Chapter 806, relating to arson.

19. Section 810.02(2)(c), relating to specified burglary of a dwelling or structure.

20. Chapter 812, relating to theft, robbery, and related crimes.

21. Chapter 815, relating to computer-related crimes.

22. Chapter 817, relating to fraudulent practices, false pretenses, fraud generally, and credit card crimes.

23. Section 827.071, relating to commercial sexual exploitation of children.

24. Chapter 831, relating to forgery and counterfeiting.

25. Chapter 832, relating to issuance of worthless checks and drafts.

26. Section 836.05, relating to extortion.

27. Chapter 837, relating to perjury.

28. Chapter 838, relating to bribery and misuse of public office.

29. Chapter 843, relating to obstruction of justice.

30. Section 847.011, s. 847.012, s. 847.013, s. 847.06, or s. 847.07, relating to obscene literature and profanity.

31. Section 849.09, s. 849.14, s. 849.15, s. 849.23, or s. 849.25, relating to gambling.

32. Chapter 893, relating to drug abuse prevention and control.

33. Section 914.22 or s. 914.23, relating to witnesses, victims, or informants.

34. Section 918.12 or s. 918.13, relating to tampering with jurors and evidence.

(b) Any conduct which is subject to indictment or information as a criminal offense and listed in 18 U.S.C. s. 1961(1) (A), (B), (C), or (D).

(2) “Unlawful debt” means any money or other thing of value constituting principal or interest of a debt that is legally unenforceable in this state in whole or in part because the debt was incurred or contracted:

(a) In violation of any one of the following provisions of law:

1. Section 550.235 or s. 550.3551, relating to dogracing and horseracing.

2. Chapter 550, relating to jai alai frontons.

3. Section 687.071, relating to criminal usury and loan sharking.

4. Section 849.09, s. 849.14, s. 849.15, s. 849.23, or s. 849.25, relating to gambling.

(b) In gambling activity in violation of federal law or in the business of lending money at a rate usurious if punishable as a crime under state or federal law.

(3) “Enterprise” means any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, business trust, union chartered under the laws of this state, or other legal entity, or any unchartered union, association, or group of individuals associated in fact although not a legal entity; and the term includes illicit as well as licit enterprises and governmental, as well as other, entities.

(4) “Pattern of criminal activity” means engaging in at least two incidents of criminal activity that have the same or similar intents, results, accomplices, victims, or methods of commission or that otherwise are interrelated by distinguishing characteristics and are not isolated incidents; provided that the last of such incidents occurred within 5 years after a prior incident of criminal activity. For the purposes of this chapter, the term “pattern of criminal activity” shall not include two or more incidents of fraudulent conduct arising out of a single contract or transaction against one or more related persons.

(5) “Real property” means any real property or any direct or indirect interest in such real property. An interest in any lease of or mortgage upon real property shall be considered an interest in such real property.

(6) “Related persons” means, as to natural persons, persons who are related by blood within the second degree or who are married and, as to other persons, persons which are substantially under the same direction, ownership, or control, either directly or indirectly.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277; s. 3, ch. 90-301; s. 12, ch. 91-33; s. 66, ch. 91-110; s. 4, ch. 92-125; s. 3, ch. 92-281; s. 63, ch. 92-348; s. 2, ch. 93-227; s. 104, ch. 93-415; s. 7, ch. 95-340; s. 106, ch. 96-175; s. 6, ch. 96-252; s. 4, ch. 96-260; s. 92, ch. 99-3; s. 2, ch. 99-335; s. 12, ch. 2005-228; s. 2, ch. 2006-168; s. 2, ch. 2009-22; s. 23, ch. 2009-170; ss. 4, 5, ch. 2010-29; s. 15, ch. 2012-97; s. 16, ch. 2014-160; s. 4, ch. 2016-185; s. 2, ch. 2019-45.

F.S. 772.102 on Google Scholar

F.S. 772.102 on Casetext

Amendments to 772.102

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 772.102

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 772.102.

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

BURGESE v. STARWOOD HOTELS RESORTS WORLDWIDE, INC., 101 F. Supp. 3d 414 (D.N.J. 2015)

. . . . §.772.102(3). . . . Stat. § 772.102(4). . . .

ARTHUR, v. JP MORGAN CHASE BANK, NA,, 569 F. App'x 669 (11th Cir. 2014)

. . . . § 772.102(4). . . . Stat. § 772.102(1)(a). . . .

SPENCE- JONES, v. RUNDLE,, 991 F. Supp. 2d 1221 (S.D. Fla. 2013)

. . . . § 772.102(33), (34). . This raises the second distinction between state and federal RICO laws. . . .

R. SPADARO, v. CITY OF MIRAMAR,, 855 F. Supp. 2d 1317 (S.D. Fla. 2012)

. . . . § 772.102(3). . . .

EAGLETECH COMMUNICATIONS, INC. a v. BRYN MAWR INVESTMENT GROUP, INC. a k a a f k a a T. R. II, L. L. C. a a L. P. a L. P. LBC a k a LBC a S. A. J. E. a O a a L. P. a G. a a L. P. a a T. J., 79 So. 3d 855 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2012)

. . . Section 772.102 .defines a “pattern of criminal activity” as “engaging in at least two incidents of criminal . . . that otherwise are interrelated by distinguishing characteristics and are not isolated incidents.” § 772.102 . . . These allegations are insufficient, however, as section 772.102(4) states, “For the purposes of this . . . fraudulent conduct arising out of a single contract or transaction against one or more related persons.” § 772.102 . . .

A. GIRGIS, v. COUNTRYWIDE HOME LOANS, INC., 733 F. Supp. 2d 835 (N.D. Ohio 2010)

. . . . § 772.102, 772.103. . . .

LENNAR CORPORATION, v. BRIARWOOD CAPITAL LLC,, 430 B.R. 253 (Bankr. S.D. Fla. 2010)

. . . . § 772.102(a)(26); (b) mail fraud, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 1341, in violation of Fla. . . . . § 772.102(b); (c) wire fraud, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 1343, in violation of Fla. . . . . § 772.102(b); and (d) aggravated identity theft, as defined in 18 U.S.C. § 1028 & § 1028A, in violation . . . Stat. § 772.102(b).” (Complaint at ¶ 58.) . . .

L. OGLESBEE, v. INDYMAC FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC. LLC, MERS, 686 F. Supp. 2d 1313 (S.D. Fla. 2010)

. . . Section 772.102(4) (emphasis added). . . .

R. BERRY, v. UNITED STATES, 86 Fed. Cl. 750 (Fed. Cl. 2009)

. . . . § 772.102].” Id. (emphasis added). . . . .

K. BORTELL, Jr. v. WHITE MOUNTAINS INSURANCE GROUP, LTD. MHG J. J. W. Jr. M., 2 So. 3d 1041 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2009)

. . . As a second cause of action, Bortell alleges violations of sections 772.104(1), 772.103(3), and 772.102 . . .

FLORIDA EVERGREEN FOLIAGE v. E. I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, a, 336 F. Supp. 2d 1239 (S.D. Fla. 2004)

. . . . § 772.102(4). . . .

JACKSON, v. BELLSOUTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS, a d. b. a. B., 372 F.3d 1250 (11th Cir. 2004)

. . . . § 772.102(4). . . . .

LOCKHEED MARTIN CORPORATION, v. BOEING COMPANY,, 314 F. Supp. 2d 1198 (M.D. Fla. 2004)

. . . . § 772.102(4), Fla. Stat. (emphasis added). . . .

SUNSET HARBOUR NORTH CONDO. ASSOC. v. BEDZOW,, 842 So. 2d 200 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . See § 772.102(4), Fla. Stat. (2002). . . .

In H. GREENWASSER, v. H., 269 B.R. 918 (Bankr. S.D. Fla. 2001)

. . . Section 772.102(l)(a) enumerates a number of criminal activities ranging from homicide to horse racing . . .

JACKSON, v. BELLSOUTH TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC. d b a, 181 F. Supp. 2d 1345 (S.D. Fla. 2001)

. . . . § 772.102(4) (stating that the incidents must "have the same or similar intents, results, accomplices . . .

P. WILSON, v. D. DE ANGELIS U. S., 156 F. Supp. 2d 1335 (S.D. Fla. 2001)

. . . . § 772.102(4) (defining pattern of criminal activity as “at least two incidents of criminal activity . . .

RLS BUSINESS VENTURES, INC. v. SECOND CHANCE WHOLESALE, INC. G., 779 So. 2d 421 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2000)

. . . See § 772.102(l)(a)10., Fla. Stat. (1995). . . .

L. STONE, v. WALL,, 734 So. 2d 1038 (Fla. 1999)

. . . Instead, the father sought money damages in a civil action under the specific authority of sections 772.102 . . .

A. AMARO, v. B. WEKSLER,, 727 So. 2d 1001 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . See §§ 836.05, 772.102, .103, .104, Fla. Stat. (1997); Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. . . .

JOHNSON ENTERPRISES OF JACKSONVILLE, INC. a v. FPL GROUP, INC. a FPL a a, 162 F.3d 1290 (11th Cir. 1998)

. . . A “pattern of criminal activity” is defined in chapter 772.102(4) as: at least two incidents of criminal . . . Stat. ch. 772.102(4) (1997). . . .

ANTHONY DISTRIBUTORS, INC. v. MILLER BREWING COMPANY,, 941 F. Supp. 1567 (M.D. Fla. 1996)

. . . . § 772.102(4) (1995). . . . solicit, coerce, or intimidate another person to commit” any of the state crimes' enumerated in Section 772.102 . . . 13 is irrelevant to their Florida RICO action, in that said federal statute is not listed in Section 772.102 . . .

HARTFORD INSURANCE COMPANY OF THE MIDWEST, v. E. MILLER,, 681 So. 2d 301 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . answered the breach of contract counts and also filed a counterclaim based upon Florida Statute section 772.102 . . .

BOSCHETTE, v. BACH,, 925 F. Supp. 100 (D.P.R. 1996)

. . . See Fla.Stat. ch. 772.102 et seq. . . .

SEABRIDGE, INC. a A. v. SUPERIOR KITCHENS, INC., 672 So. 2d 848 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . In 30 subparagraphs, section 772.102 designates each statutory provision included within the civil remedies . . .

MARCUS P. d b a v. S. MILLER, 663 So. 2d 1340 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . Wakefield comprise an association constituting a criminal enterprise within the meaning of section 772.102 . . .

ANTHONY DISTRIBUTORS, INC. v. MILLER BREWING COMPANY,, 882 F. Supp. 1024 (M.D. Fla. 1995)

. . . . § 772.102(l)(a)(19) and (30). . . . Fla.Stat. § 772.102(4) (emphasis added). . . .

JONES v. H. CHILDERS, 18 F.3d 899 (11th Cir. 1994)

. . . . § 772.102(4) and § 772.103. . . . Florida Statutes § 772.102(4), in turn, defines “pattern of criminal activity” as: engaging in at least . . . The Court also noted that in 18 U.S.C. § 3575(e) — which appears to be the model for Fla.Stat. § 772.102 . . . Stat. § 772.102(4). . . . See Fla.Stat. § 772.102(l)(a)(3). . See supra note 3. . . . .

COLONIAL PENN INSURANCE COMPANY, v. VALUE RENT- A- CAR INC. a k a d b a A- A- A- H., 814 F. Supp. 1084 (S.D. Fla. 1992)

. . . . § 772.102(3) and § 772.-103. (Complaint, ¶ 33). . . . Fla.Stat. § 772.102(4) provides in pertinent part: “Pattern of criminal activity” means engaging in at . . .

BATLEMENTO, v. DOVE FOUNTAIN, INC., 593 So. 2d 234 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . SHARP and COWART, JJ„ concur. .Appellees also sued for violation of section 772.102, Florida Statutes . . .

N. LAWSON A. v. MULIERI, 578 So. 2d 823 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1991)

. . . See §§ 772.102-772.11. . . .

In ROSPATCH SECURITIES LITIGATION. ATLANTIS GROUP, INC. v. ROSPATCH CORPORATION, PLATO PAPER PRODUCTS, INC. v. ROSPATCH CORPORATION, ATCOVITZ, v. J. BEADLE, FREBERG, v. ROSPATCH CORPORATION,, 760 F. Supp. 1239 (W.D. Mich. 1991)

. . . . § 772.102(l)(a)3 (1989). . . . As the Florida RICO statute encompasses crimes relating to securities transactions, see Fla.Stat. § 772.102 . . .

FIRST PACIFIC CORPORATION, a v. SOCIEDADE EMPREENDIMENTOS e CONSTRUCOES, LTDA., 566 So. 2d 3 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . Organization Act, § 895.02, Fla.Stat. (1987), Florida Civil Remedies for Criminal Practices Act, § 772.102 . . .

T. MANTOOTH, Jr. v. RICHARDS a k a H. Jr., 557 So. 2d 646 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1990)

. . . It was specifically sought to be brought under authority of sections 772.102(l)(a)(12), 772.103, 772.104 . . .

H. BASS, v. MORGAN, LEWIS BOCKIUS, a Jr., 516 So. 2d 1011 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987)

. . . which create a civil remedy for the victim, inter alia, of a pattern of criminal extortions, see §§ 772.102 . . .