The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title XLV
TORTS

Chapter 772
CIVIL REMEDIES FOR CRIMINAL PRACTICES

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CHAPTER 772

CIVIL REMEDIES FOR CRIMINAL PRACTICES

772.101 Short title.

772.102 Definitions.

772.103 Prohibited activities.

772.104 Civil cause of action.

772.11 Civil remedy for theft or exploitation.

772.12 Drug Dealer Liability Act.

772.13 Civil remedy for terrorism or facilitating or furthering terrorism.

772.14 Estoppel of defendant.

772.15 Admissibility of not guilty verdict.

772.17 Limitation of actions.

772.18 Cumulative remedy.

772.185 Attorney’s fees taxed as costs.

772.19 Exemption.

772.101 Short title.—This chapter shall be known as the “Civil Remedies for Criminal Practices Act.”

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.102 Definitions.—As used in this chapter, the term:

(1) “Criminal activity” means to commit, to attempt to commit, to conspire to commit, or to solicit, coerce, or intimidate another person to commit:

(a) Any crime that is chargeable by indictment or information under the following provisions:

1. Section 210.18, relating to evasion of payment of cigarette taxes.

2. Section 414.39, relating to public assistance fraud.

3. Section 440.105 or s. 440.106, relating to workers’ compensation.

4. Part IV of chapter 501, relating to telemarketing.

5. Chapter 517, relating to securities transactions.

6. Section 550.235 or s. 550.3551, relating to dogracing and horseracing.

7. Chapter 550, relating to jai alai frontons.

8. Chapter 552, relating to the manufacture, distribution, and use of explosives.

9. Chapter 562, relating to beverage law enforcement.

10. Section 624.401, relating to transacting insurance without a certificate of authority, s. 624.437(4)(c)1., relating to operating an unauthorized multiple-employer welfare arrangement, or s. 626.902(1)(b), relating to representing or aiding an unauthorized insurer.

11. Chapter 687, relating to interest and usurious practices.

12. Section 721.08, s. 721.09, or s. 721.13, relating to real estate timeshare plans.

13. Chapter 782, relating to homicide.

14. Chapter 784, relating to assault and battery.

15. Chapter 787, relating to kidnapping or human trafficking.

16. Chapter 790, relating to weapons and firearms.

17. Former s. 796.03, s. 796.04, s. 796.05, or s. 796.07, relating to prostitution.

18. Chapter 806, relating to arson.

19. Section 810.02(2)(c), relating to specified burglary of a dwelling or structure.

20. Chapter 812, relating to theft, robbery, and related crimes.

21. Chapter 815, relating to computer-related crimes.

22. Chapter 817, relating to fraudulent practices, false pretenses, fraud generally, and credit card crimes.

23. Section 827.071, relating to commercial sexual exploitation of children.

24. Chapter 831, relating to forgery and counterfeiting.

25. Chapter 832, relating to issuance of worthless checks and drafts.

26. Section 836.05, relating to extortion.

27. Chapter 837, relating to perjury.

28. Chapter 838, relating to bribery and misuse of public office.

29. Chapter 843, relating to obstruction of justice.

30. Section 847.011, s. 847.012, s. 847.013, s. 847.06, or s. 847.07, relating to obscene literature and profanity.

31. Section 849.09, s. 849.14, s. 849.15, s. 849.23, or s. 849.25, relating to gambling.

32. Chapter 893, relating to drug abuse prevention and control.

33. Section 914.22 or s. 914.23, relating to witnesses, victims, or informants.

34. Section 918.12 or s. 918.13, relating to tampering with jurors and evidence.

(b) Any conduct which is subject to indictment or information as a criminal offense and listed in 18 U.S.C. s. 1961(1) (A), (B), (C), or (D).

(2) “Unlawful debt” means any money or other thing of value constituting principal or interest of a debt that is legally unenforceable in this state in whole or in part because the debt was incurred or contracted:

(a) In violation of any one of the following provisions of law:

1. Section 550.235 or s. 550.3551, relating to dogracing and horseracing.

2. Chapter 550, relating to jai alai frontons.

3. Section 687.071, relating to criminal usury and loan sharking.

4. Section 849.09, s. 849.14, s. 849.15, s. 849.23, or s. 849.25, relating to gambling.

(b) In gambling activity in violation of federal law or in the business of lending money at a rate usurious if punishable as a crime under state or federal law.

(3) “Enterprise” means any individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, business trust, union chartered under the laws of this state, or other legal entity, or any unchartered union, association, or group of individuals associated in fact although not a legal entity; and the term includes illicit as well as licit enterprises and governmental, as well as other, entities.

(4) “Pattern of criminal activity” means engaging in at least two incidents of criminal activity that have the same or similar intents, results, accomplices, victims, or methods of commission or that otherwise are interrelated by distinguishing characteristics and are not isolated incidents; provided that the last of such incidents occurred within 5 years after a prior incident of criminal activity. For the purposes of this chapter, the term “pattern of criminal activity” shall not include two or more incidents of fraudulent conduct arising out of a single contract or transaction against one or more related persons.

(5) “Real property” means any real property or any direct or indirect interest in such real property. An interest in any lease of or mortgage upon real property shall be considered an interest in such real property.

(6) “Related persons” means, as to natural persons, persons who are related by blood within the second degree or who are married and, as to other persons, persons which are substantially under the same direction, ownership, or control, either directly or indirectly.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277; s. 3, ch. 90-301; s. 12, ch. 91-33; s. 66, ch. 91-110; s. 4, ch. 92-125; s. 3, ch. 92-281; s. 63, ch. 92-348; s. 2, ch. 93-227; s. 104, ch. 93-415; s. 7, ch. 95-340; s. 106, ch. 96-175; s. 6, ch. 96-252; s. 4, ch. 96-260; s. 92, ch. 99-3; s. 2, ch. 99-335; s. 12, ch. 2005-228; s. 2, ch. 2006-168; s. 2, ch. 2009-22; s. 23, ch. 2009-170; ss. 4, 5, ch. 2010-29; s. 15, ch. 2012-97; s. 16, ch. 2014-160; s. 4, ch. 2016-185; s. 2, ch. 2019-45.

772.103 Prohibited activities.—It is unlawful for any person:

(1) Who has with criminal intent received any proceeds derived, directly or indirectly, from a pattern of criminal activity or through the collection of an unlawful debt to use or invest, whether directly or indirectly, any part of such proceeds, or the proceeds derived from the investment or use thereof, in the acquisition of any title to, or any right, interest, or equity in, real property or in the establishment or operation of any enterprise.

(2) Through a pattern of criminal activity or through the collection of an unlawful debt, to acquire or maintain, directly or indirectly, any interest in or control of any enterprise or real property.

(3) Employed by, or associated with, any enterprise to conduct or participate, directly or indirectly, in such enterprise through a pattern of criminal activity or the collection of an unlawful debt.

(4) To conspire or endeavor to violate any of the provisions of subsection (1), subsection (2), or subsection (3).

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.104 Civil cause of action.—

(1) Any person who proves by clear and convincing evidence that he or she has been injured by reason of any violation of the provisions of s. 772.103 shall have a cause of action for threefold the actual damages sustained and, in any such action, is entitled to minimum damages in the amount of $200, and reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts.

(2) As an alternative to recovery under subsection (1), any person who proves by clear and convincing evidence that he or she has been injured by reason of any violation of the provisions of s. 772.103 due to sex trafficking or human trafficking shall have a cause of action for threefold the amount gained from the sex trafficking or human trafficking and in any such action is entitled to minimum damages in the amount of $200 and reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts.

(3) In no event shall punitive damages be awarded under this section. The defendant shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts upon a finding that the claimant raised a claim which was without substantial fact or legal support. In awarding attorney’s fees and costs under this section, the court shall not consider the ability of the opposing party to pay such fees and costs. Nothing under this section shall be interpreted as limiting any right to recover attorney’s fees or costs provided under other provisions of law.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277; s. 1180, ch. 97-102; s. 3, ch. 2006-168.

772.11 Civil remedy for theft or exploitation.—

(1) Any person who proves by clear and convincing evidence that he or she has been injured in any fashion by reason of any violation of ss. 812.012-812.037 or s. 825.103(1) has a cause of action for threefold the actual damages sustained and, in any such action, is entitled to minimum damages in the amount of $200, and reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts. Before filing an action for damages under this section, the person claiming injury must make a written demand for $200 or the treble damage amount of the person liable for damages under this section. If the person to whom a written demand is made complies with such demand within 30 days after receipt of the demand, that person shall be given a written release from further civil liability for the specific act of theft or exploitation by the person making the written demand. Any person who has a cause of action under this section may recover the damages allowed under this section from the parents or legal guardian of any unemancipated minor who lives with his or her parents or legal guardian and who is liable for damages under this section. Punitive damages may not be awarded under this section. The defendant is entitled to recover reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts upon a finding that the claimant raised a claim that was without substantial fact or legal support. In awarding attorney’s fees and costs under this section, the court may not consider the ability of the opposing party to pay such fees and costs. This section does not limit any right to recover attorney’s fees or costs provided under any other law.

(2) For purposes of a cause of action arising under this section, the term “property” does not include the rights of a patient or a resident or a claim for a violation of such rights.

(3) This section does not impose civil liability regarding the provision of health care, residential care, long-term care, or custodial care at a licensed facility or care provided by appropriately licensed personnel in any setting in which such personnel are authorized to practice.

(4) The death of an elderly or disabled person does not cause the court to lose jurisdiction of any claim for relief for theft or exploitation when the victim of the theft or exploitation is an elderly or disabled person.

(5) In a civil action under this section in which an elderly or disabled person is a party, the elderly or disabled person may move the court to advance the trial on the docket. The presiding judge, after consideration of the age and health of the party, may advance the trial on the docket. The motion may be filed and served with the civil complaint or at any time thereafter.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277; s. 47, ch. 88-381; s. 5, ch. 89-303; s. 1181, ch. 97-102; s. 2, ch. 2002-195; s. 8, ch. 2014-200.

772.12 Drug Dealer Liability Act.—

(1) This section may be cited as the “Hugh O’Connor Memorial Act.”

(2) A person, including any governmental entity, has a cause of action for threefold the actual damages sustained and is entitled to minimum damages in the amount of $1,000 and reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts, if the person proves by the greater weight of the evidence that:

(a) The person was injured because of the defendant’s actions that resulted in the defendant’s conviction for:

1. A violation of s. 893.13, except for a violation of s. 893.13(2)(a) or (b), (3), (5), (6)(a), (b), or (c), (7); or

2. A violation of s. 893.135; and

(b) The person was not injured by reason of his or her participation in the same act or transaction that resulted in the defendant’s conviction for any offense described in subparagraph (a)1.

(3) For purposes of this section, the term “conviction” means a finding of guilt, with or without adjudication of guilt, as a result of a jury verdict, nonjury trial, or entry of a plea of guilty or nolo contendere.

(4) A person who has a cause of action under this section may recover the damages allowed under this section from the parent or legal guardian of an unemancipated minor who is liable for the damages and who lives with his or her parent or legal guardian, if the person proves by clear and convincing evidence that the parent or legal guardian was aware of or recklessly disregarded facts demonstrating that the minor intended to commit the act giving rise to a cause of action under this section. The parent or legal guardian of an unemancipated minor is not liable under this section, under any circumstance, for the actions of the minor, if the court finds that the parent or legal guardian made a good faith effort to prevent the minor from engaging in the act giving rise to a cause of action under this section.

(5) A defendant may recover reasonable attorney’s fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts upon a finding that there is a complete absence of a justiciable issue of either law or fact raised by the complaint.

History.—s. 1, ch. 97-80; s. 15, ch. 2000-320; s. 10, ch. 2005-128; s. 38, ch. 2016-105; s. 120, ch. 2019-167.

772.13 Civil remedy for terrorism or facilitating or furthering terrorism.—

(1) A person who is injured by an act of terrorism as defined in s. 775.30 or a violation of a law for which the penalty is increased pursuant to s. 775.31 for facilitating or furthering terrorism has a cause of action for threefold the actual damages sustained and, in any such action, is entitled to minimum damages in the amount of $1,000 and reasonable attorney fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts.

(2) A person injured by reason of his or her participation in the same act or transaction that resulted in the act of terrorism or resulted in the defendant’s penalty increase pursuant to s. 775.31 may not bring a claim under this section.

(3) The defendant is entitled to recover reasonable attorney fees and court costs in the trial and appellate courts upon a finding that the claimant raised a claim that was without support in fact or law.

(4) In awarding attorney fees and court costs under this section, the court may not consider the ability of the opposing party to pay such fees and court costs.

(5) This section does not limit a right to recover attorney fees or costs under other provisions of law.

(6)(a) In any postjudgment execution proceedings to enforce a judgment entered under this section or under 18 U.S.C. s. 2333 or a substantially similar law of the United States or of any state or territory of the United States:

1. There is no right to a jury trial under s. 56.18 or s. 77.08; and

2. A defendant or a person may not use the resources of the courts of this state in furtherance of a defense or objection to postjudgment collection proceedings if the defendant or person purposely leaves the jurisdiction of this state or the United States, declines to enter or reenter this state or the United States to submit to its jurisdiction, or otherwise evades the jurisdiction of the court in which a criminal case is pending against the defendant or person. This subparagraph applies to any entity that is owned or controlled by a person to whom this paragraph applies.

(b) Paragraph (a) applies to any judgment collectible under state law and to any civil action pending or filed on or after June 20, 2023.

History.—s. 1, ch. 2017-44; ss. 1, 2, ch. 2023-267.

772.14 Estoppel of defendant.—A final judgment or decree rendered in favor of the state in any criminal proceeding concerning the conduct of the defendant which forms the basis for a civil cause of action under this chapter, or in any criminal proceeding under chapter 895, shall estop the defendant in any action brought pursuant to this chapter as to all matters as to which such judgment or decree would be an estoppel as if the plaintiff had been a party in the criminal action.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.15 Admissibility of not guilty verdict.—A verdict or adjudication of not guilty rendered in favor of the defendant or in favor of any other person whose conduct forms the basis for a claim under this chapter shall be admissible in evidence, but shall not act as an estoppel against the plaintiff.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.17 Limitation of actions.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a civil action or proceeding under this chapter may be commenced at any time within 5 years after the conduct in violation of a provision of this act terminates or the cause of action accrues. If a criminal prosecution or civil action or other proceeding is brought or intervened in by the state or by the United States to punish, prevent, or restrain any criminal activity or criminal conduct which forms the basis for a civil action under this chapter, the running of the period of limitations prescribed by this section shall be suspended during the pendency of such prosecution, action, or proceeding and for 2 years following its termination.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.18 Cumulative remedy.—The application of one civil remedy under this chapter does not preclude the application of any other remedy, civil or criminal, under this chapter or any other provision of law. Civil remedies under this act are supplemental, and not mutually exclusive.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.185 Attorney’s fees taxed as costs.—Attorney’s fees awarded under this chapter shall be taxed as costs.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

772.19 Exemption.—No damages shall be recoverable under this chapter against the state or its agencies, instrumentalities, subdivisions, or municipalities.

History.—s. 3, ch. 86-277.

F.S. 772 on Google Scholar

F.S. 772 on Casetext

Amendments to 772

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 772

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S403.772 - PUBLIC ORDER CRIMES - REPEALED 1990-74 - F: T

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

OUR LADY OF GUADALUPE SCHOOL, v. MORRISSEY- BERRU St. v., 140 S. Ct. 2049 (U.S. 2020)

. . . General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists , 772 F.2d 1164, 1168 (C.A.4 1985). . . . General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists , 772 F.2d 1164, 1168-1169 (C.A.4 1985) (internal quotation . . . Rayburn , 772 F.2d at 1168 ("Lay ministries, even in leadership roles within a congregation, do not compare . . .

LITTLE SISTERS OF THE POOR SAINTS PETER AND PAUL HOME, v. PENNSYLVANIA, J. v., 140 S. Ct. 2367 (U.S. 2020)

. . . United States Dept. of Health and Human Servs. , 772 F.3d 229 (CADC 2014) ; Michigan Catholic Conference . . .

BOSTOCK, v. CLAYTON COUNTY, GEORGIA v. Jr. Co- R. G. G. R. v., 140 S. Ct. 1731 (U.S. 2020)

. . . General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists , 772 F.2d 1164, 1166 (CA4 1985) ; EEOC v. . . .

ROGERS, v. GREWAL,, 140 S. Ct. 1865 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Id. , at 772, 130 S.Ct. 3020 (majority opinion). . . .

FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. AURELIUS INVESTMENT, LLC, LLC, III v. LLC, v. LLC, n De De La El Y v., 140 S. Ct. 1649 (U.S. 2020)

. . . . § 6, id. , at 772. . . .

SHULAR, v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 779 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Hansen , 772 F.2d 940, 948 (C.A.D.C. 1985) (Scalia, J., for the court)); see also Kavanaugh, Fixing Statutory . . .

L. BALDWIN, Et Ux. v. UNITED STATES, 140 S. Ct. 690 (U.S. 2020)

. . . Cameron , 137 U.S. 542, 552, 11 S.Ct. 174, 34 L.Ed. 772 (1890). . . .

DIAZ, v. UNITED STATES., 140 S. Ct. 960 (U.S. 2020)

. . . No. 19-772 Supreme Court of the United States. . . .

ANIMAL LEGAL DEFENSE FUND v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 935 F.3d 858 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Reporters Comm. for Freedom of the Press , 489 U.S. 749, 772-73, 109 S.Ct. 1468, 103 L.Ed.2d 774 (1989 . . . , 410 U.S. 73, 105, 93 S.Ct. 827, 35 L.Ed.2d 119 (1973) (Douglas, J., dissenting)); see also id. at 772 . . . right of access to 'official information.' " Reporters Comm. for Freedom of the Press , 489 U.S. at 772 . . . See id. at 772 n.20, 773, 109 S.Ct. 1468 (emphasis omitted) (quoting Mink , 410 U.S. at 105, 93 S.Ct. . . .

G. STEPHENS v. UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY, a, 935 F.3d 852 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Grace Co. , 115 Idaho 1087, 772 P.2d 725, 728 (Ct. App. 1989). . . . Earl , 772 P.2d at 728 (emphasis added). . . .

EDMO, v. CORIZON, INC. Al v. Al, 935 F.3d 757 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Baldwin , 779 F.3d 768, 772 (8th Cir. 2015) ; Henderson v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. A. HOPPER,, 934 F.3d 740 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Kelly , 772 F.3d 1072, 1079 (7th Cir. 2014). . . . Kelly , 772 F.3d 1072, 1078 (7th Cir. 2014) (defendant forfeited argument that the warrant application . . .

COLE v. CARSON, v., 935 F.3d 444 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Serpas , 745 F.3d 767, 772-73 (5th Cir. 2014) (same) (discussing Rockwell ). . . .

BACA v. COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF STATE, G. T. L. M., 935 F.3d 887 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Cty. of Oneida , 414 U.S. 661, 666, 94 S.Ct. 772, 39 L.Ed.2d 73 (1974) ). . . . , 523 U.S. at 89, 118 S.Ct. 1003 (quoting Oneida Indian Nation of N.Y. , 414 U.S. at 666, 94 S.Ct. 772 . . .

BURKE, v. REGALADO, v., 935 F.3d 960 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Brinson , 772 F.3d 1314, 1321 (10th Cir. 2014). . . .

UNITED STATES v. STAHLMAN,, 934 F.3d 1199 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bacon, 598 F.3d 772, 776 (11th Cir. 2010). . . .

SAM K. v. SAUL,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 874 (N.D. Ill. 2019)

. . . (R. 772, 811). . . .

IN RE SWEARINGEN,, 935 F.3d 415 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Davis , 909 F.3d 772, 779 (5th Cir. 2018), cert. denied , --- U.S. ----, 139 S. . . .

A. VAN BUSKIRK A. v. UNITED GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. DCG LLC, DCG UGOC II, LLC, J. F. MCM LLC, LLC, F. F. W. Jr., 935 F.3d 49 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Morgan Stanley & Co. , 772 F.3d 111, 118 (2d Cir. 2014). . . .

LEWIS, v. CITY OF UNION CITY, GEORGIA,, 934 F.3d 1169 (11th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Orlando , 931 F.2d 764, 772 (11th Cir. 1991), as Ms. Lewis has done here. Although Ms. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLARK,, 935 F.3d 558 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Jenkins , 772 F.3d 1092, 1096 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

J. YOCHIM, v. S. CARSON, Sr. U. S., 935 F.3d 586 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Plans, Inc. , 772 F.3d 478, 493 (7th Cir. 2014) (quoting Majors v. Gen. Elec. . . .

M. RODEN, v. COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY,, 389 F. Supp. 3d 548 (S.D. Ohio 2019)

. . . Halter , 246 F.3d 762, 772 (6th Cir. 2001). . . .

UNITED STATES v. HATAWAY,, 933 F.3d 940 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Maid, 772 F.3d 1118, 1120-21 (8th Cir. 2014). . . .

UNITED STATES v. CLOSE,, 931 F.3d 1218 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Alcaraz-Garcia , 79 F.3d 769, 772 n.4 (9th Cir. 1996). . . .

COEUR D ALENE TRIBE, a v. W. HAWKS A., 933 F.3d 1052 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id. at 664, 94 S.Ct. 772. . . . Id. at 664-65, 94 S.Ct. 772. . . . Id. at 665-66, 94 S.Ct. 772. . . . Id. at 665, 94 S.Ct. 772. . . . Id. at 666, 94 S.Ct. 772. . . .

KORTRIGHT CAPITAL PARTNERS LP, TY v. INVESTCORP INVESTMENT ADVISERS LIMITED,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 382 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . (Trial Tr. at 772-83 (Vamvakas); Trial Tr. at 1146-48 (Jones).) . . . (Trial Tr. at 772, 854 (Vamvakas).) . . .

C. S. MCCROSSAN INC. v. FEDERAL INSURANCE COMPANY, 932 F.3d 1142 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Co. , 883 N.W.2d 772, 776 (Minn. 2016) ("When a contractual provision is unambiguous, we do not 'rewrite . . .

J. DOHERTY, v. FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION,, 932 F.3d 978 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Standard Outdoor Sales, Inc. , 232 Ill.App.3d 500, 173 Ill.Dec. 798, 597 N.E.2d 772, 775 (1992), rev'd . . .

UNITED STATES v. THOMAS,, 933 F.3d 605 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 485 U.S. 759, 772, 108 S.Ct. 1537, 99 L.Ed.2d 839 (1988). . . .

O. CAMPOS, v. COOK COUNTY,, 932 F.3d 972 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Glucksberg , 521 U.S. 702, 117 S.Ct. 2258, 138 L.Ed.2d 772 (1997) ). . . .

UNITED STATES v. PRADO,, 933 F.3d 121 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Mikel , 625 F.3d 772, 775 (2d Cir. 2010). . . .

COFFEY, v. CARROLL, 933 F.3d 577 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Township of Hamburg , 773 F.3d 769, 772 (6th Cir. 2014) ). . . .

DOGAN, v. BARAK,, 932 F.3d 888 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Id . at 772-73. . . .

ALLSTATE INDEMNITY COMPANY, v. DIXON, 932 F.3d 696 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bank, N.A., 263 F.3d 766, 772 (8th Cir. 2001). . . .

CARDOZA SALAZAR, v. P. BARR,, 932 F.3d 704 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sessions , 902 F.3d 764, 772 (8th Cir. 2018). . . .

IN RE HOUSTON REGIONAL SPORTS NETWORK, L. P. s, 603 B.R. 804 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . (See ECF No. 778 ; see also ECF No. 772 ). . . .

IN RE FINANCIAL OVERSIGHT AND MANAGEMENT BOARD FOR PUERTO RICO, v. Iv n Ra l A. B. n III G. M. a J. R. J. A. Jr., 931 F.3d 111 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . The Seventh Circuit case initially cited was In re Hellums, 772 F.2d 379 (7th Cir. 1985) (per curiam) . . .

IN RE WASHINGTON, v. N. A., 602 B.R. 710 (B.A.P. 9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rojas (In re Steinacher) , 283 B.R. 768, 772 (9th Cir. BAP 2002) ; see also Drummond v. . . .

SOLUTRAN, INC. v. ELAVON, INC. U. S., 931 F.3d 1161 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC , 772 F.3d 709 (Fed. . . . simply instruct the practitioner to implement the abstract idea with routine, conventional activity." 772 . . . See Content Extraction , 776 F.3d at 1348-49 ; Ultramercial , 772 F.3d at 716-17. . . .

NOVAK, v. CITY OF PARMA, 932 F.3d 421 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Twp. of Hamburg , 773 F.3d 769, 772 (6th Cir. 2014) ; see also Johnson v. . . .

MCCOTTRELL S. v. WHITE, 933 F.3d 651 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Indiana , 759 F.3d 768, 772-73 (7th Cir. 2014) (quoting Abdullahi v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. BONIN,, 932 F.3d 523 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Taxpayers for Vincent , 466 U.S. 789, 800, 104 S.Ct. 2118, 80 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984) (denying overbreadth . . .

NGUYEN, a v. NISSAN NORTH AMERICA, INC. a, 932 F.3d 811 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rptr. 2d 761, 772-73 (2001) ("If the defect has not manifested itself ... the buyer has received what . . .

DEXTER, a k a v. DEALOGIC, LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 233 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . MBTA, 437 Mass. 396, 772 N.E.2d 552, 568 (2002). . . .

UNITED STATES v. VARGAS- MOLINA,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 809 (E.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . Mendoza-Lopez , 481 U.S. 828, 107 S.Ct. 2148, 95 L.Ed.2d 772 (1987). . . .

P. J. BY THROUGH MR. MRS. W. J. L. G. MR. MRS. L. G. M. L. MR. MRS. J. L. Mr. v. CONNECTICUT STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION, 931 F.3d 156 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . .2d 850, 855-56 (9th Cir. 1987) (§ 1988 ); Johnson , 489 F.3d at 1102-03 (same); Cody , 304 F.3d at 772 . . .

UNITED STATES v. VILLARREAL SILVA, a k a a k a, 931 F.3d 330 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mendoza-Lopez , 481 U.S. 828, 107 S.Ct. 2148, 95 L.Ed.2d 772 (1987), that § 1225(b)(1)(D) was unconstitutional . . . Mendoza-Lopez , 481 U.S. 828, 107 S.Ct. 2148, 95 L.Ed.2d 772 (1987), and then considered and rejected . . .

FACIANE, v. SUN LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY OF CANADA,, 931 F.3d 412 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Co. , 772 F.3d 1269, 1277 (11th Cir. 2014) ("a clear and continuing repudiation"); Riley , 744 F.3d at . . . See Witt , 772 F.3d at 1277 ; Riley , 744 F.3d at 245 ; Kifafi , 701 F.3d at 729 ("repudiation ... . . .

Z. J. a BY AND THROUGH Je JONES, v. KANSAS CITY BOARD OF POLICE COMMISSIONERS,, 931 F.3d 672 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Alexander , 772 F.3d 1307, 1312 (8th Cir. 2014) (quoting United States v. . . .

STATE BY AND THROUGH TENNESSEE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, v. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE,, 931 F.3d 499 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Medicine Bird Black Bear White Eagle , 63 S.W.3d 734, 772 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2001) ; see also Tenn. . . . Medicine Bird Black Bear White Eagle , 63 S.W.3d at 772 ; see also Tennessee v. . . . Code Ann. § 8-6-109(b)(1) ; see also Medicine Bird Black Bear White Eagle , 63 S.W.3d at 772. . . . Medicine Bird Black Bear White Eagle , 63 S.W.3d 734, 772 n.58 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2001). . . . Medicine Bird Black Bear White Eagle , 63 S.W.3d at 772. . . .

EDWARDS, v. PENIX, 388 F. Supp. 3d 135 (N.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . Matteo , 772 F. Supp. 2d 377, 403 (D. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HUNT,, 930 F.3d 921 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Jenkins , 772 F.3d 1092, 1096 (7th Cir. 2014). . . .

HARTMAN v. THOMPSON, 931 F.3d 471 (6th Cir. 2019)

. . . Taxpayers for Vincent , 466 U.S. 789, 804, 104 S.Ct. 2118, 80 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984) )). . . . (Page ID #772). . . .

FIRST- CLASS MONITORING, LLC, v. UNITED PARCEL SERVICE OF AMERICA, INC., 389 F. Supp. 3d 456 (E.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC , 772 F.3d 709, 717 (Fed. . . .

IN RE HANNA, DMM s, v., 603 B.R. 571 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . See, e.g., In re Tegeler, 586 B.R. 598, 707 (2018) ; Ritz, 567 B.R. at 772. . . .

SMITH, v. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION,, 930 F.3d 1359 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Dep't of Transp. , 772 F.2d 882, 885 (Fed. Cir. 1985). . . .

K. GRIGGS, v. CHICKASAW COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI,, 930 F.3d 696 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Dall. , 781 F.3d 772, 776 & n.4 (5th Cir. 2015). . . .

SWEARINGEN, v. JUDD, a, 930 F.3d 983 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Brooklyn Park , 757 F.3d 765, 772-75 (8th Cir. 2014) (per curiam), and Estate of Morgan v. . . .

UNITED STATES v. CORTEZ, a k a S. T. J. D J. M. F. Jr. P. A. W. H. D. A., 930 F.3d 350 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Mendoza-Lopez , 481 U.S. 828, 107 S.Ct. 2148, 95 L.Ed.2d 772 (1987). . . .

G. a a G. v. FAY SCHOOL,, 931 F.3d 1 (1st Cir. 2019)

. . . Cooley Dickinson Hosp., Inc., 437 Mass. 443, 772 N.E.2d 1054 (2002) ); see also Cummings v. . . .

VUGO, INC. v. CITY OF NEW YORK,, 931 F.3d 42 (2nd Cir. 2019)

. . . Taxpayers for Vincent , 466 U.S. 789, 805, 104 S.Ct. 2118, 80 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984) ; Village of Schaumburg . . .

UNITED STATES v. HANSEN,, 929 F.3d 1238 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sabillon-Umana , 772 F.3d 1328, 1334 n.1 (10th Cir. 2014), Mr. . . . Fort Howard Paper Co. , 772 F.2d 860, 863 (Fed. . . . court 'follow[s] earlier, settled precedent over a subsequent deviation therefrom.' " Sabillon-Umana , 772 . . . Sabillon-Umana , 772 F.3d at 1334 n.1 (quoting Haynes , 88 F.3d at 900 n.4 ). . . .

ALARM DETECTION SYSTEMS, INCORPORATED, v. ORLAND FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT,, 929 F.3d 865 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Glucksberg , 521 U.S. 702, 727, 117 S.Ct. 2258, 138 L.Ed.2d 772 (1997) ; Hayden ex rel. A.H. v. . . .

ALARM DETECTION SYSTEMS, INCORPORATED, v. VILLAGE OF SCHAUMBURG, a, 930 F.3d 812 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Glucksberg , 521 U.S. 702, 728, 117 S.Ct. 2258, 138 L.Ed.2d 772 (1997) ; Hayden ex rel. A.H. v. . . .

MURPHY, v. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 59 (D.D.C. 2019)

. . . Billington, 737 F.3d 767, 772 (D.C. Cir. 2013). . . . See Billington, 737 F.3d at 772 ("Retaliation by an employer is unlawful only if that retaliation occurred . . .

UNIVERSAL CABLE PRODUCTIONS, LLC, a LLC, a v. ATLANTIC SPECIALTY INSURANCE COMPANY, a, 929 F.3d 1143 (9th Cir. 2019)

. . . Arpaio , 770 F.3d 772, 777 (9th Cir. 2014) (en banc). . . .

F. MAY, v. SEGOVIA,, 929 F.3d 1223 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Utah 2013), aff'd in part, rev'd in part on other grounds and remanded , 772 F.3d 1205 (10th Cir. 2014 . . .

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO. LTD. v. INFOBRIDGE PTE. LTD., 929 F.3d 1363 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Patent 8,917,772 ("the '772 patent"), which is owned by Infobridge. . . . that Samsung failed to show that a certain prior art reference was publicly accessible before the '772 . . . The key question here is whether the WD4 reference was publicly accessible prior to the '772 patent's . . . Samsung's standing argument turns on its relationship to Infobridge and the '772 patent. . . . Activision Blizzard Inc. , 908 F.3d 765, 772 (Fed. Cir. 2018). . . .

FUSARO, v. R. COGAN, C. J. A. J. Jr., 930 F.3d 241 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Taxpayers for Vincent , 466 U.S. 789, 804, 104 S.Ct. 2118, 80 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984) ("The general principle . . .

STARR INDEMNITY LIABILITY COMPANY, v. BRIGHTSTAR CORP., 388 F. Supp. 3d 304 (S.D.N.Y. 2019)

. . . City of New York, 41 N.Y.2d 769, 772, 396 N.Y.S.2d 155, 364 N.E.2d 820 (1977) ("In the absence of an . . .

UNITED STATES v. MILLS,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 895 (E.D. Mich. 2019)

. . . DEFENDANTS EDWIN MILLS AND CARLO WILSON'S JOINT MOTION TO PROHIBIT DEATH QUALIFICATION OF PETIT JURY (Dkt. 772 . . . Edwin Mills and Carlo Wilson's joint motion to prohibit the death qualification of the petit jury (Dkt. 772 . . . Edwin Mills and Carlo Wilson's joint motion to prohibit the death qualification of the petit jury (Dkt. 772 . . .

UNITED STATES v. PAYANO,, 930 F.3d 186 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Sabillon-Umana , 772 F.3d 1328, 1333-34 (10th Cir. 2014) (Gorsuch, J.)). . . .

DONELSON, v. HARDY, 931 F.3d 565 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . T&H Lemont, Inc. , 845 F.3d 772, 782 (7th Cir. 2016). . . .

REID v. DONELAN,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 201 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Arpaio, 770 F.3d 772, 792 n.16 (9th Cir. 2014) (explaining that "bail-denial schemes" in the criminal . . .

IN RE MENAKER LLC, v., 603 B.R. 628 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 2019)

. . . B.A.P. 1984), aff'd without opinion , 772 F.2d 912 (9th Cir. 1985)). . . .

CITY OF HEARNE, TEXAS, v. JOHNSON, v. F. Jr., 929 F.3d 298 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . County of Oneida , 414 U.S. 661, 666, 94 S.Ct. 772, 39 L.Ed.2d 73 (1974) ); see also Bell v. . . .

WHITSERVE LLC, v. DONUTS INC. LLC, v. LLC,, 390 F. Supp. 3d 571 (D. Del. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC , 772 F.3d 709, 716 (Fed. . . .

L. MILLER, MRFS v. SBA TOWERS V, LLC, PCS, LLC,, 391 F. Supp. 3d 123 (D. Mass. 2019)

. . . Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 772 F.3d 63, 71 (1st Cir. 2014). . . . Gonzales, 545 U.S. 748, 772, 125 S.Ct. 2796, 162 L.Ed.2d 658 (2005) (Souter, J., concurring) ("[I]n every . . .

EVANS, v. SANDY CITY, a R. P. C. C. J. E. I- XX,, 928 F.3d 1171 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . Taxpayers for Vincent , 466 U.S. 789, 812, 104 S.Ct. 2118, 80 L.Ed.2d 772 (1984) (citations omitted). . . .

ATHENA DIAGNOSTICS, INC. LTD. E. V. v. MAYO COLLABORATIVE SERVICES, LLC,, 927 F.3d 1333 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC , 772 F.3d 709, 715-16 (Fed. . . .

JOHNSON, v. A. LEONARD, M. DDS,, 929 F.3d 569 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . City of Blytheville , 841 F.3d 767, 772-73 (8th Cir. 2016) (setting aside entry of default where there . . .

R. OBERDORF A. v. AMAZON. COM INC. a, 930 F.3d 136 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Brokerage Concepts, Inc. , 610 Pa. 371, 20 A.3d 468, 479 (2011) (adopting the Second Restatement of Torts § 772 . . .

E. D. v. SHARKEY BCRC- IFC BCRC- IFC BCRC- IFC, 928 F.3d 299 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Johnson , 209 F.3d 772, 778 (5th Cir. 2000). . . .

UNITED STATES v. TZACIR- GARCIA,, 928 F.3d 448 (5th Cir. 2019)

. . . Plaza-Montecillo , No. 18-10688, 772 Fed.Appx. 84, 84-85, 2019 WL 2406627, at *1 (5th Cir. . . .

DOE, v. PURDUE UNIVERSITY,, 928 F.3d 652 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Bd. of Trs. of Univ. of Ill. at Chi. , 741 F.3d 769, 772 (7th Cir. 2013) ("[O]ur circuit has rejected . . .

UNITED STATES v. CRUZ- RAMOS,, 392 F. Supp. 3d 720 (W.D. Tex. 2019)

. . . Id. at 20 (citing 481 U.S. 828, 834-35, 107 S.Ct. 2148, 95 L.Ed.2d 772 (1987) ). . . .

BERNARD M. D. v. INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS OF INDIANA MEDICAL LICENSING BOARD, 392 F. Supp. 3d 935 (S.D. Ind. 2019)

. . . Glucksberg , 521 U.S. 702, 731, 117 S.Ct. 2258, 138 L.Ed.2d 772 (1997) ). . . .

IN RE GRAVEL, In In, 601 B.R. 873 (Bankr. Vt. 2019)

. . . Marino (In re Marino), 577 B.R. 772, 789 n. 12 (9th Cir. . . .

UNITED STATES v. FURLOW,, 928 F.3d 311 (4th Cir. 2019)

. . . Rodriguez-Negrete , 772 F.3d 221, 226-27 (5th Cir. 2014) ). . . .

P. MITCHELL, v. WISCONSIN, 139 S. Ct. 2525 (U.S. 2019)

. . . California , 384 U.S. 757, 770-772, 86 S.Ct. 1826, 16 L.Ed.2d 908 (1966). . . .

BILINSKY, v. AMERICAN AIRLINES, INC., 928 F.3d 565 (7th Cir. 2019)

. . . Health Alliance Medical Plans, Inc. , 772 F.3d 478, 489 (7th Cir. 2014) (affirming summary judgment for . . . Plans, Inc. , 772 F.3d 478, 493 (7th Cir. 2014). . . . There, an employee's MS symptoms kept her from maintaining a regular schedule. 772 F.3d at 483. . . .

IN RE GENERIC PHARMACEUTICALS PRICING ANTITRUST LITIGATION LLC, v., 386 F. Supp. 3d 477 (E.D. Pa. 2019)

. . . Co. , 772 F. Supp. 2d 660, 669 (E.D. . . .

UNITED STATES v. HEARTLAND HOSPICE, INC., 386 F. Supp. 3d 884 (N.D. Ohio 2019)

. . . Stevens , 529 U.S. 765, 772, 120 S.Ct. 1858, 146 L.Ed.2d 836 (2000) ); United States ex rel. . . .

JAGUAR LAND ROVER LIMITED, v. BENTLEY MOTORS LIMITED,, 388 F. Supp. 3d 665 (E.D. Va. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC, 772 F.3d 709, 715 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (quoting Mayo, 566 U.S. at 79, 132 S.Ct. 1289 ). . . .

UNITED STATES, v. HAYMOND, 139 S. Ct. 2369 (U.S. 2019)

. . . Gavilanes-Ocaranza , 772 F.3d 624, 628-629 (C.A.9 2014) ; Cordova , 461 F.3d at 1186. . . . See, e.g. , Gavilanes-Ocaranza , 772 F.3d at 628 ; United States v. . . .

CELLSPIN SOFT, INC. v. FITBIT, INC. USA, U. S. A. JK v. U. S. A., 927 F.3d 1306 (Fed. Cir. 2019)

. . . Hulu, LLC , 772 F.3d 709, 721 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (Mayer, J., concurring)). . . .

BALOGA, v. PITTSTON AREA SCHOOL DISTRICT, 927 F.3d 742 (3rd Cir. 2019)

. . . Dist. of Phila. , 772 F.3d 979, 991 (3d Cir. 2014). . . . See Dougherty , 772 F.3d at 986. . . . Dougherty , 772 F.3d at 993 (citing Anderson v. . . . Mayor & City Council of Balt. , 772 F.2d 88, 91 (4th Cir. 1985) (not citing Pickering but holding that . . .

UNITED STATES v. DUNN, 928 F.3d 688 (8th Cir. 2019)

. . . Sanders, 424 F.3d 768, 772-73 (8th Cir. 2005). . . .

KANE COUNTY, UTAH, v. UNITED STATES, 928 F.3d 877 (10th Cir. 2019)

. . . United States , 772 F.3d 1205 (10th Cir. 2014). . . . Kane Cty. , 772 F.3d at 1209-25 (" Kane County II "). . . . II , 772 F.3d at 1223 ; Kane Cty. , 2013 WL 1180764, at *9. . . . II , 772 F.3d at 1223. . . . II , 772 F.3d at 1225. . . .