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Florida Statute 440.381 - Full Text and Legal Analysis
Florida Statute 440.381 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
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The 2025 Florida Statutes

Title XXXI
LABOR
Chapter 440
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
View Entire Chapter
440.381 Application for coverage; reporting payroll; payroll audit procedures; penalties.
(1) Applications by an employer to a carrier for coverage required by s. 440.38 must be made on a form prescribed by the Financial Services Commission. The Financial Services Commission shall adopt rules for applications for coverage required by s. 440.38. The rules must provide that an application include information on the employer, the type of business, past and prospective payroll, estimated revenue, previous workers’ compensation experience, employee classification, employee names, and any other information necessary to enable a carrier to accurately underwrite the applicant. The rules must include a provision that a carrier or self-insurance fund may require that an employer update an application monthly to reflect any change in the required application information.
(2) Submission of an application that contains false, misleading, or incomplete information provided with the purpose of avoiding or reducing the amount of premiums for workers’ compensation coverage is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. The application must contain a statement that the filing of an application containing false, misleading, or incomplete information provided with the purpose of avoiding or reducing the amount of premiums for workers’ compensation coverage is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084. The application must contain a sworn statement by the employer attesting to the accuracy of the information submitted and acknowledging the provisions of former s. 440.37(4). The application must contain a sworn statement by the agent attesting that the agent explained to the employer or officer the classification codes that are used for premium calculations. The sworn statements by the employer and the agent are not required to be notarized.
(3) The Financial Services Commission, in consultation with the department, shall establish by rule minimum requirements for audits of payroll and classifications to ensure that the appropriate premium is charged for workers’ compensation coverage. The rules must ensure that audits performed by both carriers and employers are adequate to provide that all sources of payments to employees, subcontractors, and independent contractors are reviewed and that the accuracy of classification of employees is verified. The rules must require that employers in all classes other than the construction class be audited at least biennially and may provide for more frequent audits of employers in specified classifications based on factors such as amount of premium, type of business, loss ratios, or other relevant factors. Employers in the construction class, generating more than the amount of premium required to be experience rated must be audited at least annually. The annual audits required for construction classes must consist of physical onsite audits for policies only if the estimated annual premium is $10,000 or more. Payroll verification audit rules must include, but need not be limited to, the use of state and federal reports of employee income, payroll and other accounting records, certificates of insurance maintained by subcontractors, and duties of employees. At the completion of an audit, the employer or officer of the corporation and the auditor must print and sign their names on the audit document and attach proof of identification to the audit document.
(4) Each employer must submit a copy of the quarterly earnings report required by chapter 443 at the end of each quarter to the carrier and submit self-audits supported by the quarterly earnings reports required by chapter 443 and the rules adopted by the Department of Commerce or by the state agency providing reemployment assistance tax collection services under contract with the Department of Commerce through an interagency agreement pursuant to s. 443.1316. The reports must include a sworn statement by an officer or principal of the employer attesting to the accuracy of the information contained in the report.
(5) Employers shall make available all records necessary for the payroll verification audit and permit the auditor to make a physical inspection of the employer’s operation. If the employer fails upon request of the auditor to provide access to the documents specified in this section and the carrier cannot complete the audit as a result, the employer shall pay $500 to the carrier to defray the costs of the audits.
(6)(a) If an employer understates or conceals payroll, or misrepresents or conceals employee duties so as to avoid proper classification for premium calculations, or misrepresents or conceals information pertinent to the computation and application of an experience rating modification factor, the employer, or the employer’s agent or attorney, shall pay to the insurance carrier a penalty of 10 times the amount of the difference in premium paid and the amount the employer should have paid and reasonable attorney’s fees. The penalty may be enforced in the circuit courts of this state.
(b) If the department determines that an employer has materially understated or concealed payroll, has materially misrepresented or concealed employee duties so as to avoid proper classification for premium calculations, or has materially misrepresented or concealed information pertinent to the computation and application of an experience rating modification factor, the department shall immediately notify the employer’s carrier of such determination. The carrier shall commence a physical onsite audit of the employer within 30 days after receiving notification from the department. If the carrier fails to commence the audit as required by this section, the department shall contract with auditing professionals to conduct the audit at the carrier’s expense. A copy of the carrier’s audit of the employer shall be provided to the department upon completion. The carrier is not required to conduct the physical onsite audit of the employer as set forth in this paragraph if the carrier gives written notice of cancellation to the employer within 30 days after receiving notification from the department of the material misrepresentation, understatement, or concealment and an audit is conducted in conjunction with the cancellation.
(7) If an employee suffering a compensable injury was not reported as earning wages on the last quarterly earnings report filed with the Department of Commerce or the state agency providing reemployment assistance tax collection services under contract with the Department of Commerce through an interagency agreement pursuant to s. 443.1316 before the accident, the employer shall indemnify the carrier for all workers’ compensation benefits paid to or on behalf of the employee unless the employer establishes that the employee was hired after the filing of the quarterly report, in which case the employer and employee shall attest to the fact that the employee was employed by the employer at the time of the injury. Failure of the employer to indemnify the insurer within 21 days after demand by the insurer is grounds for the insurer to immediately cancel coverage. Any action for indemnification brought by the carrier is cognizable in the circuit court having jurisdiction where the employer or carrier resides or transacts business. The insurer is entitled to a reasonable attorney’s fee if it recovers any portion of the benefits paid in the action.
(8) If an employer fails to provide reasonable access to payroll records for a payroll verification audit, the employer shall pay a premium to the carrier or self-insurer not to exceed three times the most recent estimated annual premium.
History.s. 32, ch. 90-201; s. 30, ch. 91-1; s. 37, ch. 93-415; s. 122, ch. 97-103; s. 66, ch. 2001-62; s. 41, ch. 2002-194; s. 14, ch. 2002-236; s. 12, ch. 2003-36; s. 484, ch. 2003-261; s. 28, ch. 2003-412; s. 350, ch. 2011-142; s. 68, ch. 2012-30; s. 3, ch. 2019-108; s. 15, ch. 2022-138; s. 171, ch. 2024-6.

F.S. 440.381 on Google Scholar

F.S. 440.381 on CourtListener

Amendments to 440.381


Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 440.381
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

S440.381 2 - FRAUD - RENUMBERED. SEE REC # 8707 - F: S
S440.381 2 - FRAUD - SUBMIT MISLEADING WORK COMP APPLICATION - F: T

Cases Citing Statute 440.381

Total Results: 9  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

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H & H DESIGN BUILDERS v. Travelers Indem., 639 So. 2d 697 (Fla. 5th DCA 1994).

Cited 10 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal | 1994 Fla. App. LEXIS 6996, 1994 WL 363872

...rovide the records necessary for the proposed audit. He then testified that Travelers closed out the account by tripling the estimated premium under the "Florida Statutes." At this point, Travelers' counsel asked the court to take judicial notice of section 440.381(8), Florida Statutes (Supp....
...hat services were actually delivered during this period or any evidence that the amount it was claiming represented a reasonable charge. Instead, its claim for this period was based solely on a statutory right to triple estimated premium pursuant to section 440.381(8), Florida Statutes (Supp....
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Bend v. Shamrock Servs., 59 So. 3d 153 (Fla. 1st DCA 2011).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 2011 Fla. App. LEXIS 2515, 2011 WL 680282

...improperly obtained by an employer, chapter 440 provides a double-barreled remedy that allows a carrier to cancel an employer's policy and collect greatly enhanced retroactive premiums and damages, even in the absence of an injury or accident. See §§ 440.381(6)(a), 440.42(3), Fla....
...Employers' Obligations and Carriers' Rights at the Time of Application In the application process, and before issuing a policy of insurance, a carrier *158 may request any "information necessary to enable the carrier to accurately underwrite the applicant." § 440.381(1), Fla....
...s of the policy, estimated premiums, the employer, and the application. These remedies, however, allow for only the cancellation, but not the voiding of a policy, along with the collection of penalties, damages, and additional premiums. For example, section 440.381(6)(a), Florida Statutes (2007), provides: If an employer understates or conceals payroll, or misrepresents or conceals employee duties so as to avoid proper classification for premium calculations, or misrepresents or conceals informa...
...tion which gave rise to the actionable concealment and/or misrepresentations. [1] Zenith further argues *159 that no evidence was introduced that the Employer's misrepresentations or concealment were made for the purpose of avoiding premiums, making section 440.381(6)(a) inapplicable. These arguments, however, do not thwart the applicability of section 440.381(6)(a) and its allowance for Zenith to seek from the Employer in circuit court, ten times the difference in premium paid and the amount he should have paid, and reasonable attorney's fees. Contrary to Zenith's argument, the remedy provided for in section 440.381(6)(a) is not limited to misrepresentations made in the application process; rather, the language of the statute is sufficiently broad to encompass any pertinent misrepresentation or concealment made by an employer, whether made at the time of application or thereafter. See 440.381(1)-(8), Fla. Stat. (2007). Moreover, section 440.381(6)(a) predicates a carrier's recovery of damages upon the concealment or misrepresentation of employee's duties or payroll information, which in fact, prohibits or avoids (or is pertinent to) the proper classification of employees for...
...nothing to remove this case from the class of cases involving an understatement of or concealment of payroll, or misrepresentation of employee duties "so as to avoid proper classification for premium calculations"—for which a remedy is provided in section 440.381(6)(a)....
...perform unfettered audits, with attending remedies thereto. Under the requirements of chapter 440 and the application signed by the Employer, the Employer was required to timely and regularly submit to Zenith quarterly employee earnings reports, see section 440.381(4), Florida Statutes, and, update his application monthly....
...audits as desired (including physical, on-site audits), but no less frequently than "biennially." The audits must include, but are not limited to, the review of state and federal reports of employee income, payroll, and other accounting records. See § 440.381(3), Fla....
...nts, federal reports of employee income, and cash disbursement journals. If an employer fails to provide reasonable access to payroll records, the employer shall pay a premium to the carrier up to three times the recent estimated annual premium. See § 440.381(8), Fla....
...meaning the carrier remains liable to the employee) from the *161 employer, along with attorney's fees, actionable in circuit court, for benefits due to an employee who is not reported by the employer in the mandatory quarterly earnings reports. See § 440.381(7), Fla....
...Despite Zenith's failure to fully enforce its rights and remedies available under chapter 440, it argues and the JCC concluded, its circumstances are unique because it would not have issued the policy in question had the Employer answered the questions in the application correctly. Zenith asserts the remedies afforded by section 440.381(6)(a), Florida Statutes (2007), do not address the type of fraud committed by the Employer, forcing it to pay on a contract of insurance it did not wish to write....
...ade and proven in every instance of unlawful employment, unforeseen or misrepresented risk, or where the employer has obtained or maintained workers' compensation insurance coverage through the commission of criminal acts—the very subject matter of section 440.381(6)(a)....
...in addition to the assessment of punitive premiums, other penalties and remedies, including complete indemnification from the employer for all benefits due an employee who is not reported as earning wages in mandatory quarterly earnings reports. See § 440.381(7), Fla....
...its" ( see section 440.107(2)); but, whenever the department determines that an employer has materially understated payroll, or concealed employee duties, the carrier may, thereafter cancel the policy after giving written notice to the employer. See § 440.381(6)(b), Fla....
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Am. Home Assurance Co. v. Phineas Corp., 347 F. Supp. 2d 1231 (M.D. Fla. 2004).

Cited 2 times | Published | District Court, M.D. Florida | 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 25088, 2004 WL 2735533

...240, tab A, H 35, and Tab I, II14.) The Policy's plain language, as previously set forth, and Florida law require American Home to conduct an audit and to calculate the final premium "to ensure that the appropriate premium is charged for workers' compensation coverage." § 440.381(3), Fla....
...Rule 4-189.003(4) (2000). Final premium must be based on actual, not estimated, payroll or remuneration paid during the Policy term and must be based on a lawful allocation of that payroll between classification code Numbers 8861 and 9110. (Dkt. 240, tab B(1) at p. 5); § 440.381, Fla....
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Perkins v. A. Perkins Drywall, 615 So. 2d 187 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993).

Cited 1 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 1993 WL 53126

...Third and finally, the Arizona rescission statute on which the carrier relied was contained within the Arizona W/C Act, whereas section 627.409(1) is part of the general insurance code of Florida and a specific provision in the W/C law addresses the situation presented here and provides a remedy for the Carrier. See section 440.381(6), Florida Statutes (Supp. 1990). Claimant argues that it was error to apply section 627.409(1) to this case because the circumstances involving Employer's misrepresentations to the Carrier are specifically and adequately covered within Chapter 440. Section 440.381(6) states: If an employer intentionally understates payroll or misrepresents employee duties so as to avoid proper classification for premium calculations, the employer shall pay, in addition to any additional premium due resulting from an audit, a 12-percent penalty on the amount underpaid....
...ture has addressed the problem of employer misrepresentations and has provided a specific remedy for a carrier, against an employer, as well as penalties against any party filing false, misleading, or incomplete information relating to coverage. See section 440.381, Florida Statutes (1989)....
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Limerock Indus., Inc. v. Pridgeon, 743 So. 2d 176 (Fla. 1st DCA 1999).

Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 1999 Fla. App. LEXIS 14010, 1999 WL 965599

to comply with the procedures mandated by section 440.381, and hence failed to “secure payment of compensation
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Florida Workers' Comp. Jt. Underwriting Ass'n v. Mundell, 765 So. 2d 151 (Fla. 1st DCA 2000).

Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 2000 Fla. App. LEXIS 7944, 2000 WL 806880

submit a quarterly earnings report required by section 440.381(4), Florida Statutes (1993). We have carefully
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Custom Remodeling & Drywall Corp. v. Florida Workers' Comp. Jua, Inc., 762 So. 2d 1059 (Fla. 3d DCA 2000).

Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 2000 Fla. App. LEXIS 9714, 2000 WL 1055766

PER CURIAM. Affirmed. See § 440.381, Fla....
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Jane Jeischa Aldana Perez, as Pers. Rep. of the Est. of Jhourdan Hernandez v. Gregory Tony as Sherriff of Broward Cnty. (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2024).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida

conceal, material information required by section 440.381, Florida Statutes (2022), for the purpose of
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Ago (Fla. Att'y Gen. 1999).

Published | Florida Attorney General Reports

...carrier with whom the county has contracted to provide coverage. The state and its political subdivisions are recognized as employers for purposes of Chapter 440 , Florida Statutes, who must "secure the payment of compensation under this chapter." 4 Section 440.381 , Florida Statutes, addresses the requirements for an employer's application for coverage by a carrier and directs the Department of Insurance to adopt rules for applications for coverage....
...business, past and prospective payroll, estimated revenue, previous workers' compensation experience, employee classification, employee names, and any other information necessary to enable a carrier to accurately underwrite the applicant ." 5 (e.s.) Section 440.381 (3), Florida Statutes, directs the Department of Insurance and the Department of Labor and Employment Security to "establish by rule minimum requirements for audits of payroll and classifications in order to ensure that the appropriat...
...ployees and that the accuracy of employee classifications has been verified. Specific to payroll verification audits, the rules must include the use of state and federal reports of employee income, payroll and other accounting records. 6 Pursuant to section 440.381 (5), Florida Statutes: "Employers shall make available all records necessary for the payroll verification audit and permit the auditor to make a physical inspection of the employer's operation....
...4 See, s. 440.38 (1), Fla. Stat., stating that "[e]very employer shall secure the payment of compensation under this chapter," and s. 440.02 (15), Fla. Stat. (1998 Supp.), defining "[e]mployer" as "the state and all political subdivisions thereof . . . " 5 Section 440.381 (1), Fla. Stat. 6 Section 440.381 (3), Fla. Stat. 7 Section 440.381 (8), Fla....

This Florida statute resource is curated by Graham W. Syfert, Esq., a Jacksonville, Florida personal injury and workers' compensation attorney. Attorney Syfert regularly works with Chapter 440 in the context of workers' compensation claims and represents clients throughout Northeast Florida. For legal consultation, call 904-383-7448.