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Florida Statute 373.114 - Full Text and Legal Analysis
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The 2025 Florida Statutes

Title XXVIII
NATURAL RESOURCES; CONSERVATION, RECLAMATION, AND USE
Chapter 373
WATER RESOURCES
View Entire Chapter
373.114 Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission; review of district rules and orders; department review of district rules.
(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), the Governor and Cabinet, sitting as the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, have the exclusive authority to review any order or rule of a water management district, other than a rule relating to an internal procedure of the district or a final order resulting from an evidentiary hearing held under s. 120.569 or s. 120.57 or a rule that has been adopted after issuance of a final order resulting from an evidentiary hearing held under s. 120.56, to ensure consistency with the provisions and purposes of this chapter. Subsequent to the legislative ratification of the delineation methodology pursuant to s. 373.421(1), this subsection also shall apply to an order of the department, or a local government exercising delegated authority, pursuant to ss. 373.403-373.443, except an order pertaining to activities or operations subject to conceptual plan approval pursuant to chapter 378 or a final order resulting from an evidentiary hearing held under s. 120.569 or s. 120.57.
(a) Such review may be initiated by the department or by a party to the proceeding below by filing a request for review with the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission and serving a copy on the department and on any person named in the rule or order within 20 days after adoption of the rule or the rendering of the order. For the purposes of this section, the term “party” means any affected person who submitted oral or written testimony, sworn or unsworn, of a substantive nature which stated with particularity objections to or support for the rule or order that are cognizable within the scope of the provisions and purposes of this chapter. In order for the commission to accept a request for review initiated by a party below, with regard to a specific order, three members of the commission must determine on the basis of the record below that the activity authorized by the order would substantially affect natural resources of statewide or regional significance. Review of an order may also be accepted if three members of the commission determine that the order raises issues of policy, statutory interpretation, or rule interpretation that have regional or statewide significance from the standpoint of agency precedent. The party requesting the commission to review an order must allege with particularity, and the commission must find, that:
1. The order is in conflict with statutory requirements; or
2. The order is in conflict with the requirements of a duly adopted rule.
(b) Review by the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission is appellate in nature and shall be based solely on the record below unless the commission determines that a remand for a formal evidentiary proceeding is necessary to develop additional findings of fact. If there is no evidentiary administrative proceeding resulting from a remand or referral for findings of fact by the commission, then the facts contained in the proposed agency action or proposed water management district action, including any technical staff report, shall be deemed undisputed. The matter shall be heard by the commission not more than 60 days after receipt of the request for review, unless waived by the parties; provided, however, such time limit shall be tolled by a referral or remand pursuant to this paragraph. The commission may refer a request for review to the Division of Administrative Hearings for the production of findings of fact, limited to those needed to render the decision requested, to supplement the record, if a majority of the commission determines that supplementary findings of fact are essential to determine the consistency of a rule or order with the provisions and purposes of this chapter. Alternatively, the commission may remand the matter to the agency below for additional findings of fact, limited to those needed to render the decision requested, to supplement the record, if a majority of the commission determines that supplementary findings of fact are essential to determine the consistency of a rule or order with the provisions and purposes of this chapter. Such proceedings must be conducted and the findings transmitted to the commission within 90 days of the remand or referral.
(c) If the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission determines that a rule of a water management district is not consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter, it may require the water management district to initiate rulemaking proceedings to amend or repeal the rule. If the commission determines that an order is not consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter, the commission may rescind or modify the order or remand the proceeding for further action consistent with the order of the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission only if the commission determines that the activity authorized by the order would substantially affect natural resources of statewide or regional significance. In the case of an order which does not itself substantially affect natural resources of statewide or regional significance, but which raises issues of policy that have regional or statewide significance from the standpoint of agency precedent, the commission may direct the district to initiate rulemaking to amend its rules to assure that future actions are consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter without modifying the order.
(d) In a review under this section of a construction permit issued pursuant to a conceptual permit under part IV, which conceptual permit is issued after July 1, 1993, a party to the review may not raise an issue which was or could have been raised in a review of the conceptual permit under this section.
(e) A request for review under this section shall not be a precondition to the seeking of judicial review pursuant to s. 120.68 or the seeking of an administrative determination of rule validity pursuant to s. 120.56.
(f) The Florida Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission may adopt rules to set forth its procedures for reviewing an order or rule of a water management district consistent with the provisions of this section.
(g) For the purpose of this section, it shall be presumed that activity authorized by an order will not affect resources of statewide or regional significance if the proposed activity:
1. Occupies an area less than 10 acres in size, and
2. Does not create impervious surfaces greater than 2 acres in size, and
3. Is not located within 550 feet of the shoreline of a named body of water designated as Outstanding Florida Waters, and
4. Does not adversely affect threatened or endangered species.

This paragraph shall not operate to hold that any activity that exceeds these limits is presumed to affect resources of statewide or regional significance. The determination of whether an activity will substantially affect resources of statewide or regional significance shall be made on a case-by-case basis, based upon facts contained in the record below.

(2) The department shall have the exclusive authority to review rules of the water management districts, other than rules relating to internal management of the districts, to ensure consistency with the water resource implementation rule as set forth in the rules of the department. Within 30 days after adoption or revision of any water management district rule, the department shall initiate a review of such rule pursuant to this section.
(a) Within 30 days after adoption of a rule, any affected person may request that a hearing be held before the secretary of the department, at which hearing evidence and argument may be presented relating to the consistency of the rule with the water resource implementation rule, by filing a request for hearing with the department and serving a copy on the water management district.
(b) If the department determines that the rule is inconsistent with the water resource implementation rule, it may order the water management district to initiate rulemaking proceedings to amend or repeal the rule.
(c) An order of the department requiring amendment or repeal of a rule may be appealed to the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission by the water management district or any other party to the proceeding before the secretary.
History.s. 11, ch. 75-22; s. 72, ch. 83-310; s. 26, ch. 93-213; s. 21, ch. 97-160; s. 7, ch. 98-146; s. 8, ch. 2002-261.

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Amendments to 373.114


Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 373.114

Total Results: 12  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

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United States Ex Rel. Lesinski v. South Florida Water Mgmt. Dist., 739 F.3d 598 (11th Cir. 2014).

Cited 11 times | Published | Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | 37 I.E.R. Cas. (BNA) 660, 2014 WL 23737, 2014 U.S. App. LEXIS 14

...The District’s budget is subject to approval by the Governor. See id. § 373.536(5)(a). The Florida Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, comprised of the Governor and his Cabinet, “[has] the exclusive authority to review any order or rule of a water management district.” Id. § 373.114(1)....
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Matter of Surface Water Mgmt. Permit, 515 So. 2d 1288 (Fla. 4th DCA 1987).

Cited 7 times | Published | Florida 4th District Court of Appeal

...Currently, a small fishing camp is to be found at that location. We affirm the Commission's Final Order and in so doing reproduce it, in its entirety, except for attachments, as follows: FINAL ORDER "This appeal came before the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission (Commission) pursuant to Section 373.114, Florida Statutes, on April 1, 1986, in Tallahassee, Florida, for review of Surface Water Management Permit No....
..."In 1978, the District paid $225,000.00 for a flowage easement allowing the District to raise the level of Lake Okeechobee to 19.5 feet. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW "(1) The Commission has jurisdiction over the subject matter of these proceedings *1290 pursuant to Section 373.114(1)(a), F.S. Audubon is an affected person and Surface Water Management Permit No. 50-01420-S issued by the District has statewide or regional significance. "(2) Section 373.114(c), F.S., provides: "If the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission determines that a rule or order is not consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter, it may, in the case of a rule, require the water management distric...
...However, there are two aspects of it that merit discussion; namely the bare conclusions of law set forth therein that (1) the rescinded permit had "regional significance" and (2) that the Florida Audubon Society and the Audubon Society of the Everglades had standing as "affected person(s)." Section 373.114, Florida Statutes (1985) provides that the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission can review the actions of any water management district if they are of "regional significance" and if requested to do so by "any affected person." The s...
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Middlebrooks v. St. Johns River Water Mgt. Dist., 529 So. 2d 1167 (Fla. 5th DCA 1988).

Cited 7 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal | 13 Fla. L. Weekly 1608, 1988 Fla. App. LEXIS 2911, 1988 WL 68502

...The District ignored his withdrawal and rendered a final order adopting the hearing officer's recommended order. This is the order being appealed in this case. However, Middlebrooks did file an appeal with the Florida Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission pursuant to section 373.114, Florida Statutes, which postponed the effectiveness of the District's order and postponed the appeal time to this court....
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Sw. Florida Water Mgmt. Dist. v. Charlotte Cty., 774 So. 2d 903 (Fla. 2d DCA 2001).

Cited 4 times | Published | Florida 2nd District Court of Appeal | 2001 WL 10391

...). DEP maintains general supervisory authority over the water management districts. See § 373.026(7), Fla.Stat. (1995). DEP also has the exclusive authority to review the rules of the districts to ensure consistency with the Water Policy Rules. See § 373.114(2), Fla.Stat....
...a single criteria does not necessarily preclude issuance of a permit." The ALJ further found that under the District's rule, the failure to satisfy any one of the criteria "apparently results in the denial of a permit." As we have previously noted, section 373.114(2), Florida Statutes (1995), gives DEP "the exclusive authority to review rules of the water management districts... to ensure consistency with the state water policy." (Emphasis added.) Subsection (2)(a) of section 373.114 states that after the adoption of a water management district rule, an affected party may request a hearing before the secretary of DEP to determine the consistency of the rule with the Water Policy Rules....
...olicy is not properly resolved under sections 120.54 or 120.56 and does not provide a basis for invalidating an existing or proposed rule. DEP has primary authority to review water management district's rules for consistency with State Water Policy. Section 373.114(2) provides a specified procedure for affected persons to challenge the consistency of a rule with the State Water Policy....
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Griffin v. St. Johns River Water, Etc., 409 So. 2d 208 (Fla. 5th DCA 1982).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal

...rmit by the St. Johns River Water Management District. In his notice of appeal, Griffin stated that he was also requesting review of the permit denial by the Governor and the Cabinet sitting as the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, pursuant to section 373.114, Florida Statutes (1979); and further, that he would seek review of the agency action in the circuit court, pursuant to section 373.617, Florida Statutes (1979)....
...ion. Review of final agency action for the purpose of determining whether the action is in accordance with existing statutes or rules based on competent substantial evidence shall proceed in accordance with Chapter 120. (Emphasis supplied). Further, section 373.114 provides: The Governor and cabinet, sitting as the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, shall have the exclusive power by a vote of four of the members to review, and may rescind or modify, any rule or order of a water management d...
...r section 373.617(2). The balance of the issues sought to be appealed pursuant to chapter 120 would now be appropriate for review by this Court, had appellant not sought discretionary review by the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, pursuant to section 373.114....
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Osceola Cty. v. St. Johns River Water Mgt. Dist., 486 So. 2d 616 (Fla. 5th DCA 1986).

Cited 2 times | Published | Florida 5th District Court of Appeal | 11 Fla. L. Weekly 595, 1986 Fla. App. LEXIS 6754

...The governor and cabinet, sitting as the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, have authority to review any order or rule of a water management district, other than a rule relating to an internal procedure of a district, to ensure consistency with the provisions and purposes of the Florida Water Resources Act. See § 373.114, Fla....
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Putnam Cnty. Env't Council v. Johns River Water Mgmt. Dist., 168 So. 3d 296 (Fla. 1st DCA 2015).

Cited 2 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 9751, 2015 WL 3930045

...This petition for writ of mandamus seeks to compel the Florida Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission (“Commission”) to exercise its authority to review an order of a water management district under Chapter 373, Florida Statutes. We grant the petition. In pertinent part, section 373.114(1), Florida Statutes, provides that “the Governor and Cabinet, sitting as the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission, have the exclusive authority to review any order or rule of a water management district....” Section 373.114(1) provides that a request for review “shall be heard by the commission not more than 60 days after receipt of the request for review, unless waived by the parties.” In 2009, Putnam County Environmental Council (“Putnam County”) filed a request for review of the St....
...idered at the March 2013 meeting of the Commission, the request for review was not considered. Instead, the Commission Secretary, acting alone, declined review because the Secretary determined that the Commission was without jurisdiction pursuant to section 373.114....
...Auto. Ins. Co., 634 So.2d 250, 251 (Fla. 2d DCA 1994))). Putnam County filed its request for review in 2009. The Commission Secretary issued an order on January 31, 2012, which found that Putnam County’s request for review was timely and sufficient. Section 373.114(1) provides that the request for review “shall be heard by the commission not more than 60 days after receipt of the request for review, unless waived by the parties.” Rule 42-2.0132(6), Florida Administrative Code, provides that...
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Grimshaw v. South Florida Water Mgmt. Dist., 195 F. Supp. 2d 1358 (S.D. Fla. 2002).

Cited 2 times | Published | District Court, S.D. Florida | 2002 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 6933, 2002 WL 538055

...The Commission has authority to review any order or rule of the District. If they determine such order or rule to be inconsistent with chapter 373, Florida Statutes, they can require the District to initiate rulemaking proceedings to amend or repeal the challenged order or rule. FLA. STAT. § 373.114....
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Save the St. Johns River v. WATER MGT. DIST., 623 So. 2d 1193 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993).

Cited 2 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 1993 Fla. App. LEXIS 8650, 1993 WL 317075

...We review by appeal, pursuant to section 120.68, Florida Statutes (1991), a final order of the Florida Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission. The Commission, consisting of the Governor and Cabinet exercising their powers of appellate review pursuant to section 373.114, Florida Statutes (1991), affirmed the final order of the St....
...d should be excluded from the St. Johns River floodplain, as the District had done by recognizing the presence of the dike system as the pre-development condition of the property. DER gave the Commission its recommendation on this matter pursuant to section 373.114, Florida Statutes (1991)....
...t had not been made part of the record in this case, and these matters could not be considered as a basis for reversal because the Commission's power of review "is appellate in nature and shall be based on the record *1197 below," as specified in subsection 373.114(1)(b), Florida Statutes (1991)....
...that the permit should be rescinded or the case remanded for findings on the issue of consistency with the district's objective of resorting the upper basin of the St. Johns. As we state in footnote 3, above, our review is appellate in nature by virtue of Section 373.114,8 8 Section 373.114(1)(b), F.S....
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Challancin v. Florida Land & Water Adjudicatory Comm'n, 515 So. 2d 1288 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1987).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida | 12 Fla. L. Weekly 2179, 18 Envtl. L. Rep. (Envtl. Law Inst.) 20395, 1987 Fla. App. LEXIS 10129

...Currently, a small fishing camp is to be found at that location. We affirm the Commission’s Final Order and in so doing reproduce it, in its entirety, except for attachments, as follows: FINAL ORDER “This appeal came before the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission (Commission) pursuant to Section 373.114, Florida Statutes, on April 1, 1986, in Tallahassee, Florida, for review of Surface Water Management Permit No....
...“In 1978, the District paid $225,000.00 for a flowage easement allowing the District to raise the level of Lake Okeechobee to 19.5 feet. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW “(1) The Commission has jurisdiction over the subject matter of these proceed *1290 ings pursuant to Section 373.114(l)(a), F.S. Audubon is an affected person and Surface Water Management Permit No. 50-01420-S issued by the District has statewide or regional significance. “(2) Section 373.114(c)^F.S., provides: “If the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission determines that a rule or order is not consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter, it may, in the case of a rule, require the water management distri...
...However, there are two aspects of it that merit discussion; namely the bare conclusions of law set forth therein that (1) the rescinded permit had “regional significance” and (2) that the Florida Audubon Society and the Audubon Society of the Everglades had standing as “affected person(s).” Section 373.114, Florida Statutes (1985) provides that the Land and Water Adjudicatory Commission can review the actions of any water management district if they are of “regional significance” and if requested to do so by “any affected person....
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United States v. South Florida Water Mgmt. Dist., 922 F.2d 704 (11th Cir. 1991).

Published | Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit | 1991 WL 1379

...The Farm Interests have a legally pro-tectable right under the SWIM Act to participate and comment in the administrative development of the final SWIM Plan, and to pursue an administrative appeal. See Fla.Admin.Code § 17-43.035(2) (requiring public hearing in the preparation of the SWIM Act); Fla.Stat. § 373.114 (providing a right to administrative appeal which applies to the final SWIM Plan)....
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Putnam Cnty. Env't Council v. St. Johns River Water Mangement Dist., 136 So. 3d 766 (Fla. 1st DCA 2014).

Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 2014 WL 1665835, 2014 Fla. App. LEXIS 6138

...order that such designations be stricken and/or specifically limited to capture during wet weather flows.” The Commission Secretary, acting alone, declined review because the Secretary determined the Commission was without jurisdiction pursuant to section 373.114, Florida Statutes. The Secretary’s Procedural Error Section 373.114(1), Florida Statutes, requires the Commission (comprised of the Governor and Cabinet) to determine whether a request for review meets statu *768 tory jurisdictional grounds. § 373.114(1), (l)(a), Fla....
...ct natural resources of statewide or regional significance,” or (ii) if “the order raises issues of policy, statutory interpretation, or rule interpretation that have regional or statewide significance from the standpoint of agency precedent.” § 373.114(l)(a), Fla....
...Given this scheme, this Court held a plan does not affect a party’s substantial interests. Id. at 1130-31 . Instead, it is the permitting that affects a party’s interests. Id. Similarly here, Appellant needed to show an “activity authorized by the order would substantially affect natural resources.” § 373.114(1)(a), Fla....
...Thus, the Secretary correctly concluded the Commission lacked jurisdiction under the first ground. Raises Issues of Policy On the second ground, the Commission may direct a district to initiate rulemaking if the “order raises issues of policy ... that have regional or statewide significance.” § 373.114(l)(c), Fla. Stat. Where the Commission finds this, it “may direct the district to initiate rulemaking to amend its rules to assure that future actions are consistent with the provisions and purposes of this chapter without modifying the order.” § 373.114(1)(c), Fla....
...Here, the Secretary did not address whether the order raised issues of significance. Instead, the Secretary declined jurisdiction because even if significant issues were raised, the Secretary claimed the Commission could not afford Appellant the remedy it sought: “the relief permitted under section 373.114(l)(c) is completely foreign to the statutory construct.” The Secretary and Appellee argue that because rulemaking was optional under the more recent and specific provision (373.709(5)), the general provision (373.114(l)(c)) must give way....

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