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Florida Statute 61.20 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
F.S. 61.20 Case Law from Google Scholar
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Link to State of Florida Official Statute Google Search for Amendments to 61.20

The 2023 Florida Statutes (including Special Session C)

Title VI
CIVIL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE
Chapter 61
DISSOLUTION OF MARRIAGE; SUPPORT; TIME-SHARING
View Entire Chapter
F.S. 61.20
61.20 Social investigation and recommendations regarding a parenting plan.
(1) In any action where the parenting plan is at issue because the parents are unable to agree, the court may order a social investigation and study concerning all pertinent details relating to the child and each parent when such an investigation has not been done and the study therefrom provided to the court by the parties or when the court determines that the investigation and study that have been done are insufficient. The agency, staff, or person conducting the investigation and study ordered by the court pursuant to this section shall furnish the court and all parties of record in the proceeding a written study containing recommendations, including a written statement of facts found in the social investigation on which the recommendations are based. The court may consider the information contained in the study in making a decision on the parenting plan, and the technical rules of evidence do not exclude the study from consideration.
(2) A social investigation and study, when ordered by the court, shall be conducted by qualified staff of the court; a child-placing agency licensed pursuant to s. 409.175; a psychologist licensed pursuant to chapter 490; or a clinical social worker, marriage and family therapist, or mental health counselor licensed pursuant to chapter 491. If a certification of indigence based on an affidavit filed with the court pursuant to s. 57.081 is provided by an adult party to the proceeding and the court does not have qualified staff to perform the investigation and study, the court may request that the Department of Children and Families conduct the investigation and study.
(3) Except as to persons who obtain certification of indigence as specified in subsection (2), for whom no costs are incurred, the parents involved in a proceeding to determine a parenting plan where the court has ordered the performance of a social investigation and study are responsible for paying the costs of the investigation and study. Upon submitting the study to the court, the agency, staff, or person performing the study shall include a bill for services, which shall be taxed and ordered paid as costs in the proceeding.
History.s. 1, ch. 59-186; s. 16, ch. 67-254; ss. 19, 35, ch. 69-106; s. 12, ch. 77-147; s. 27, ch. 77-433; s. 1, ch. 86-101; s. 1, ch. 89-38; s. 4, ch. 99-8; s. 14, ch. 2008-61; s. 6, ch. 2009-180; s. 23, ch. 2014-19.
Note.Former s. 65.21.

F.S. 61.20 on Google Scholar

F.S. 61.20 on Casetext

Amendments to 61.20


Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 61.20
Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 61.20.



Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases from cite.case.law:

P. OLDHAM, v. E. GREENE,, 263 So. 3d 807 (Fla. App. Ct. 2018)

. . . About a month later, Mother filed a "Motion for Social Investigation of Father" pursuant to " section 61.20 . . . psychological examination under rule 12.360, rather than a request for social investigation under section 61.20 . . . evaluation of a party in a family law case: 1) as part of a social investigation pursuant to section 61.20 . . . Mother's argument that the evaluation could have been ordered as a social evaluation under section 61.20 . . . Smith , 615 So.2d 843, 845 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993) ("If section 61.13 supplies the relevancy, then section 61.20 . . .

IN RE AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA SUPREME COURT APPROVED FAMILY LAW FORMS- NOMENCLATURE, 235 So. 3d 357 (Fla. 2018)

. . . court-appointed mental health practitioner or other professional designated pursuant to either section 61.20 . . .

SOLOMON, v. SOLOMON n k a, 221 So. 3d 652 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . See § 61.20(1), Fla. Stat. (2014). . . .

B. ZARZAUR, v. A. ZARZAUR, Jr., 213 So. 3d 1115 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2017)

. . . Both parties consented to independent psychological evaluations pursuant to section 61.20 of the Florida . . . her privilege by participating in the independent psychological evaluation contemplated in section 61.20 . . . Section 61.20 authorizes the court to order a "social investigation and study” in actions where the parents . . . order additional study if the court determines that the investigation and study are insufficient. § 61.20 . . .

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS v. P. BECKER, J. L. F. R. Jr. R. W. Jr. R. M. Jr. Jr. J. Jr. C. Jr. J. III, L. A. Jr. C. Jr. L. Jr. A. Sr., 371 F. Supp. 3d 1218 (N.D. Ga. 2016)

. . . $830.26 2003 No Evidence No Evidence $634.90 $634.90 2004 $59.97 $0.00 $239.62 $299.59 2005 $92.82 $61.20 . . .

BAILEY, v. BAILEY,, 176 So. 3d 344 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2015)

. . . Schoonmaker, 718 So.2d 867, 868 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998); § 61.20(1), Fla. Stat. (2014). . . .

In AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA FAMILY LAW RULES OF PROCEDURE, 154 So. 3d 301 (Fla. 2014)

. . . new rule 12.364 (Social Investigations) to specifically address social investigations under section 61.20 . . . rule 12.363 (Evaluation of Minor Child) to remove references to “social investigations” under section 61.20 . . . apply to the appointment of an investigator to conduct a social investigation and study under section 61.20 . . . court, on motion of any party or the court’s own motion, may appoint an investigator under section 61.20 . . . appointing a social investigator shall state that the investigator is being appointed under section 61.20 . . .

EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION, v. PROPAK LOGISTICS, INC., 746 F.3d 145 (4th Cir. 2014)

. . . The court granted the bill of costs in the amount of $61.20, but denied the bill with respect to the . . .

In AMENDMENTS TO FLORIDA SUPREME COURT APPROVED FAMILY LAW FORMS, 122 So. 3d 320 (Fla. 2013)

. . . court-appointed mental health practitioner or other professional designated pursuant to either section 61.20 . . .

J. D. C. v. M. E. H., 118 So. 3d 933 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . . § 61.20(1), Fla. Stat. (2010). . . .

CARRILLO- JIMENEZ, v. CARRILLO,, 110 So. 3d 490 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2013)

. . . See § 61.20(1), Fla. Stat. (2010). . . .

In AMENDMENTS TO THE FLORIDA SUPREME COURT APPROVED FAMILY LAW FORMS, 59 So. 3d 792 (Fla. 2010)

. . . court-appointed mental health practitioner or other professional designated pursuant to either section 61.20 . . .

AMERICAN FAMILY MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, v. MIELL, v., 569 F. Supp. 2d 841 (N.D. Iowa 2008)

. . . Jennifer Gideon 350.52 10 Copying of documents 994.83 11 Copying of documents 708.76 12 Copying documents 61.20 . . .

DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILY SERVICES, v. P. S. In C. S. G. S. M. S., 932 So. 2d 1195 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2006)

. . . child-caring agency registered under s. 409.176, or a licensed professional or agency described in s. 61.20 . . . child-caring agency registered under s. 409.176, or a licensed professional or agency described in s. 61.20 . . . child-caring agency registered under s. 409.176, or a licensed professional or agency described in s. 61.20 . . .

LOPEZ, L. L. v. SAN FRANCISCO UNIFIED SCHOOL DISTRICT,, 385 F. Supp. 2d 981 (N.D. Cal. 2005)

. . . $435 x 26.80 hours $ 11,658.00 Guy Wallace $435 x 3,380.60 hours $1,470,561.00 Clint Brayton 8350 x 61.20 . . . Schneider $435 x 26.80 hours t+n M Guy Wallace $435 x 3,380.60 hours t* r\ ^ O Clint Brayton $350 x 61.20 . . .

B. Y. v. DEPARTMENT OF CHILDREN AND FAMILIES,, 887 So. 2d 1253 (Fla. 2004)

. . . child-caring agency registered under s. 409.176, or a licensed professional or agency described in s. 61.20 . . .

HASTINGS, v. RIGSBEE,, 875 So. 2d 772 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2004)

. . . We also recognize that section 61.20, Florida Statutes (2003), authorizes a trial court to order a “social . . . however, there is no indication that the parenting coordinator was appointed pursuant to either section 61.20 . . . We note that information contained in a study conducted pursuant to section 61.20 may be considered by . . . application in the instant case since the parenting coordinator was not acting under the authority of section 61.20 . . .

HIGGINBOTHAM, v. HIGGINBOTHAM n k a, 857 So. 2d 341 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . stipulated order appointing a licensed psychologist to perform a parenting assessment, pursuant to section 61.20 . . .

KING, v. JORDAN,, 850 So. 2d 645 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2003)

. . . The trial court ordered a social investigation pursuant to section 61.20, Florida Statutes (2000). . . .

JOYE, Jr. v. JONES,, 789 So. 2d 508 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 2001)

. . . trial court elects to impute income to Appellant, then it must make findings in accordance with section 61.20 . . .

PRUDENTIAL INSURANCE COMPANY OF AMERICA, v. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY, 146 F. Supp. 2d 643 (D.N.J. 2001)

. . . . § 61.20-24. . . .

MARISOL A. Dr. FORBES, Jr. v. W. GIULIANI,, 111 F. Supp. 2d 381 (S.D.N.Y. 2000)

. . . Kirklin 350.00 61.20 21,420.00 M. Stone 350.00 43.80 15,330.00 R. . . .

MARTIN, v. MARTIN,, 734 So. 2d 1133 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . husband contends that the court erred in disregarding the custody evaluator’s recommendations, section 61.20 . . .

W. GOMBERT, v. G. GOMBERT,, 727 So. 2d 355 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999)

. . . The statute governing such reports states: 61.20 Social investigation and recommendations when child . . . child’s custody and the technical rules of evidence do not exclude the study from consideration. § 61.20 . . .

ROBINSON, v. ROBINSON,, 713 So. 2d 437 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . result of a social investigation conducted by the court-appointed psychotherapist pursuant to section 61.20 . . . Section 61.20 provides in relevant part: (1)In any action where the custody of a minor child is in issue . . . child’s custody and the technical rules of evidence do not exclude the study from consideration. § 61.20 . . . Florida Supreme Court addressed the constitutionality of social investigation reports under section 61.20 . . . Implicit in Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, of course, is a procedural due process requirement that . . .

J. SCARINGE, v. HERRICK,, 711 So. 2d 204 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1998)

. . . We recognize that section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1995), allows the trial court to consider social investigations . . . by qualified staff of the court or other specified professionals or agencies as set forth in section 61.20 . . . A typical guardian ad litem, such as the one in this case, does not meet the criteria of section 61.20 . . .

PEOPLE OF THE TERRITORY OF GUAM, v. CAMACHO,, 103 F.3d 863 (9th Cir. 1996)

. . . Annotated § 49.40(a) (Official Misconduct) and his conviction of violation of 9 Guam Code Annotated § 61.20 . . .

ARTHUR, v. ANDERSON,, 681 So. 2d 796 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . Frazier, 509 So.2d 401 (Fla. 5th DCA 1987), and under section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1995), the court . . .

R. POLLOW, v. D. POLLOW,, 674 So. 2d 919 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . As section 61.20, Florida Statutes, provides for the submission of costs to the court which taxes them . . .

A. LEONARD, v. H. LEONARD,, 673 So. 2d 97 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . unsworn motion for a psychological evaluation and social investigation of the wife, pursuant to section 61.20 . . .

MILLER, v. MILLER,, 671 So. 2d 849 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1996)

. . . dealt with a social investigation and recommendation utilized by the trial court pursuant to section 61.20 . . . The court stated: Implicit in Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, of course, is a procedural due process . . .

VALLIERE, v. J. VALLIERE,, 657 So. 2d 68 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1995)

. . . Should appellant be deemed indigent pursuant to section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1993), the trial court . . .

RUSSENBERGER, v. RUSSENBERGER,, 639 So. 2d 963 (Fla. 1994)

. . . A trial judge also has the discretion under section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1993), to order a psychological . . . The court found that section 61.20, which authorizes a social investigation, furnishes the tool for conducting . . . Section 61.20 gives the trial judge the discretion to order a social investigation in any action where . . . Under section 61.20 the trial judge has the discretion to include a psychological evaluation as part . . . Section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1991), provides in relevant part: (1) In any action where the custody . . .

LEINENBACH, v. LEINENBACH, a k a, 634 So. 2d 252 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1994)

. . . See § 61.20, Fla.Stat. (1991); Kern v. Kern, 333 So.2d 17 (Fla.1977). . . .

C. CRIFACI, v. G. CRIFACI,, 626 So. 2d 287 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . On June 11, 1992, the parties agreed to a social investigation pursuant to section 61.20, Florida Statutes . . . In that case, the constitutionality of section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1976), admitting into evidence . . . Implicit in section 61.20, Florida Statutes, of course, is a procedural due process requirement that . . .

Jo GORDON, f k a Jo v. K. SMITH,, 615 So. 2d 843 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1993)

. . . If section 61.13 supplies the relevancy, then section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1991), furnishes the specific . . . Section 61.20 is not cited or considered in the opinion. . . . that a trial court, faced with conflicting custody claims between parents, has been given by section 61.20 . . . deliberate manipulation of a child’s parental affection amount to any additional good cause, beyond section 61.20 . . . Section 61.20 does not expressly require the order to set these things out. . . .

In LEEK, d b a d b a C D, 128 B.R. 832 (Bankr. M.D. Fla. 1991)

. . . Acevedo filed the schedule ordered by the Court in which she states that she spent 61.20 hours on behalf . . .

E. SMITH, M. D. v. OUR LADY OF THE LAKE HOSPITAL, INC., 135 F.R.D. 139 (M.D. La. 1991)

. . . Durrett, Hardin: i. legal fees 4,998.00 ii. out-of-pocket 61.20 5,059.20 c. . . . The corrected total is $5,059.20 ($4,998.00 + $61.20). . . . .

In CHURCHFIELD MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT CORPORATION,, 98 B.R. 838 (Bankr. N.D. Ill. 1989)

. . . KM & Z now seeks $10,160.50 (61.20 attorney hours, 6.8 paralegal hours). Mr. . . .

WARNER, f k a v. WALKER,, 500 So. 2d 645 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1986)

. . . We believe that section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1985), in providing for an investigation, social study . . . While section 61.20 affords a specific exclusion from the technical rules of evidence for such report . . . .1976) for similar reasoning therein by our Supreme Court in upholding the constitutionality of section 61.20 . . .

In A. CRABTREE, a k a, 56 B.R. 42 (Bankr. E.D. Tenn. 1985)

. . . Ellenberg 0.34 61.20 6/27/85 J. . . .

J. VAUGHNS, Jr. v. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF PRINCE GEORGE S COUNTY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE, v. BOARD OF EDUCATION OF PRINCE GEORGE S COUNTY,, 627 F. Supp. 837 (D. Md. 1985)

. . . Hours 10% Reduction Awarded Abram 157.00 -15.70 141.30 Bradford 6.00 -.60 5.40 Brannan 68.00 -6.80 61.20 . . .

ALLEN, v. CHILDRESS,, 448 So. 2d 1220 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1984)

. . . The court admitted the report prepared by HRS even though it was based on hearsay because Section 61.20 . . . This statute reads as follows: 61.20 Social investigation and recommendations when child custody is in . . .

WAYNE, v. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY,, 730 F.2d 392 (5th Cir. 1984)

. . . . § 61.20-.22, while phosphate slag is expressly listed as a nonhazardous waste by the Environmental . . .

In TELTRONICS SERVICES, INC. ANACONDA- ERICSSON, INC. LM v. J. HESSEN,, 29 B.R. 139 (Bankr. E.D.N.Y. 1983)

. . . Tr. 61.20-64.16 (SGM). 37. . . .

D. LANDERS, v. H. LANDERS,, 429 So. 2d 27 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1983)

. . . Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services to conduct the investigation authorized by section 61.20 . . . Consideration of a report prepared as authorized under section 61.20, Florida Statutes, was approved . . . The Kern court also found: Implicit in section 61.20, Florida Statutes, of course, is a procedural due . . . Thus, section 61.20 authorizes the court to consider the information contained in the report, it does . . . See § 61.20, Fla.Stat. (1981). . . .

FINN, v. FINN,, 414 So. 2d 1149 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1982)

. . . Kern, 333 So.2d 17 (Fla.1976) [where the constitutionality of Section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1971) . . .

ANDERSON, Jr. v. ANDERSON,, 386 So. 2d 59 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1980)

. . . The reports were stipulated into evidence pursuant to Section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1977). . . .

BAIRD, v. BAIRD,, 374 So. 2d 60 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979)

. . . In addition, the order provided that pursuant to Section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1977), the Department . . .

A. HILL, v. E. HILL, Sr., 371 So. 2d 573 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1979)

. . . because this report was sought under and filed in a dissolution of marriage proceeding pursuant to § 61.20 . . . Kern, 333 So.2d 17 (Fla.1976), the Supreme Court ruled that § 61.20, Florida Statutes, is constitutional . . . Implicit in Section 61.20„Flori-da Statutes, of course, is a procedural due process requirement that . . .

ELLIOTT, v. WEYMAN,, 337 So. 2d 832 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1976)

. . . Section 61.20, Florida Statutes (1975), provide's in part: “In any action where the custody of a minor . . .

T. KERN, v. D. KERN,, 333 So. 2d 17 (Fla. 1976)

. . . Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, reads as follows: “Social investigation and recommendations when child . . . Green, 307 So.2d 246, 247 (Fla.App. 4th 1975), in which Judge Owen suggests that Section 61.20 authorizes . . . The issue of the constitutionality of Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, has not been the subject of a . . . Implicit in Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, of course, is a procedural due process requirement that . . . For the foregoing reasons we hold Section 61.20, Florida Statutes, to be a constitutional legislative . . .

T. KERN, v. D. KERN,, 311 So. 2d 130 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1975)

. . . . § 61.20; McGuire v. McGuire, Fla.App.2d 1962, 140 So.2d 354. . Frazier v. . . .

RESERVE MINING COMPANY, a v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY D. RESERVE MINING COMPANY v. UNITED STATES UNITED STATES v. RESERVE MINING COMPANY RESERVE MINING COMPANY v. UNITED STATES STATE OF WISCONSIN, v. RESERVE MINING COMPANY MINNESOTA ENVIRONMENTAL LAW INSTITUTE, INC. v. UNITED STATES STATE OF MICHIGAN, v. RESERVE MINING COMPANY, 514 F.2d 492 (8th Cir. 1975)

. . . . §§ 61.20-.24 (1974), by the Environmental Protection Agency. . . .

GREEN, v. GREEN,, 307 So. 2d 246 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1975)

. . . Section 61.20, F.S., would appear to authorize the court to consider such reports in child custody cases . . .

UNITED STATES v. CALIFORNIA STATE AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION, 385 F. Supp. 669 (E.D. Cal. 1974)

. . . In fact, the United States provided such care in the amount of $1,110.10 to Meyer and $61.20 to Lovato . . .

GOODMAN, v. S. GOODMAN,, 291 So. 2d 106 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1974)

. . . . § 61.20, F.S.A. empowers the court to order social investigations when child custody is at issue, and . . .

ADAMS, v. SUN GOLD SEPTIC TANK, INC., 272 So. 2d 499 (Fla. 1972)

. . . II, § 61.20 (p. 88.266). . . .

G. HODGSON, v. J. RANCOURT,, 336 F. Supp. 1119 (Bankr. D.R.I. 1972)

. . . For this period she is entitled to recover the sum of $42.30, making a total of $61.20. . . .

S. HALEY, v. R. EDWARDS,, 233 So. 2d 647 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1970)

. . . privileges, it was also suggested by the court, that an order be entered as contemplated by Section 61.20 . . . Section 61.20, F.S.1967, F.S.A. . . .

UNITED STATES v. PHILLIPSBURG NATIONAL BANK AND TRUST COMPANY B., 306 F. Supp. 645 (D.N.J. 1969)

. . . two largest banks have §3.56% of the deposits; the four largest have 55.91%; the five largest have 61.20% . . .

S. v., 47 T.C. 129 (T.C. 1966)

. . . Petitioner’s basis for his shares in 1956 was $61.20 per share, and, as of January 1, 1959, he had an . . .

BARCLAY v. UNITED STATES DAHL v. UNITED STATES, 333 F.2d 847 (Ct. Cl. 1964)

. . . . § 61.20 (1949)) prohibit approval in advance of the formal signing, as was done in this case. . . .

HAROLD BARCLAY AND DOROTHY BARCLAY v. THE UNITED STATES PHILIP DAHL AND DOROTHY DAHL v. THE UNITED STATES, 166 Ct. Cl. 421 (Ct. Cl. 1964)

. . . . § 61.20 (1949)) prohibit approval in advance of the formal signing, as was done in this case. . . .

ESSENBURG, a D. N. v. CABANE,, 196 F. Supp. 83 (D. Haw. 1961)

. . . them to find separately special damages and general damages, if any), assessed the special damages at $61.20 . . . The jury awarded special damages only, in the amount of $61.20. . . .

GLADYSZ v. UNITED STATES WAUGH v. UNITED STATES, 100 F. Supp. 205 (M.D. Pa. 1951)

. . . of Work — 46 days at $10.20 pea: day ...................... 469.20 Loss of overtime................ 61.20 . . .

NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY v. PHILADELPHIA AND READING COAL IRON CO., 53 F. Supp. 278 (E.D. Pa. 1943)

. . . Township, there is due the School District of Coal Township, for the year 1938, taxes in the amount of $61.20 . . .

In O NEIL, 189 F. 1010 (N.D.N.Y. 1911)

. . . Doubleday, and also reducing another claim of said claimant from $108.21 to $61.20. Affirmed. T. . . . The reduction of the claim of $108.21 to $61.20 is so clearly right that nothing further need be said . . .

In KYTE, 182 F. 166 (M.D. Pa. 1910)

. . . this party for goods sold in August, which, with the balance carried forward from July, amounted to $61.20 . . .

ELIAS E. BARNES ET AL. v. THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA SAMUEL J. RITCHIE v. THE SAME, 22 Ct. Cl. 366 (Ct. Cl. 1887)

. . . “ at .36...................... 219.24 40.34 “ “ 15 x 6 connections, at 1.80........................ 61.20 . . .

THE EASTERN RAILROAD COMPANY v. THE UNITED STATES, 20 Ct. Cl. 23 (Ct. Cl. 1885)

. . . Marblehead, the pay is fixed for a weight of mails of 421 pounds per day, at $68, less 10 per cent.,=$61.20 . . .

v. v., 51 U.S. 1 (U.S. 1850)

. . . runs southeast; bottom sparse timber. . 16.00 Branch, 25 links wide, runs south. 27.00 Bottom prairie. 61.20 . . .